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Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a type of sleep-disordered breathing that affects 1 to 5% of all children. Pharyngeal and palatine tonsil hypertrophy is the main predisposing factor. Various abnormalities are predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea, such as decreased mandibular and ma...

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Autores principales: Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo, Di Francesco, Renata Cantisani
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27982168
http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(11)08
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author Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo
Di Francesco, Renata Cantisani
author_facet Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo
Di Francesco, Renata Cantisani
author_sort Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo
collection PubMed
description Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a type of sleep-disordered breathing that affects 1 to 5% of all children. Pharyngeal and palatine tonsil hypertrophy is the main predisposing factor. Various abnormalities are predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea, such as decreased mandibular and maxillary lengths, skeletal retrusion, increased lower facial height and, consequently, increased total anterior facial height, a larger cranio-cervical angle, small posterior airway space and an inferiorly positioned hyoid bone. The diagnosis is based on the clinical history, a physical examination and tests confirming the presence and severity of upper airway obstruction. The gold standard test for diagnosis is overnight polysomnography. Attention must be paid to identify the craniofacial characteristics. When necessary, children should be referred to orthodontists and/or sleep medicine specialists for adequate treatment in addition to undergoing an adenotonsillectomy.
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spelling pubmed-51081672016-11-16 Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo Di Francesco, Renata Cantisani Clinics (Sao Paulo) Review Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a type of sleep-disordered breathing that affects 1 to 5% of all children. Pharyngeal and palatine tonsil hypertrophy is the main predisposing factor. Various abnormalities are predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea, such as decreased mandibular and maxillary lengths, skeletal retrusion, increased lower facial height and, consequently, increased total anterior facial height, a larger cranio-cervical angle, small posterior airway space and an inferiorly positioned hyoid bone. The diagnosis is based on the clinical history, a physical examination and tests confirming the presence and severity of upper airway obstruction. The gold standard test for diagnosis is overnight polysomnography. Attention must be paid to identify the craniofacial characteristics. When necessary, children should be referred to orthodontists and/or sleep medicine specialists for adequate treatment in addition to undergoing an adenotonsillectomy. Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo 2016-11 2016-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5108167/ /pubmed/27982168 http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(11)08 Text en Copyright © 2016 CLINICS http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Bozzini, Maria Fernanda Rabelo
Di Francesco, Renata Cantisani
Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title_full Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title_fullStr Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title_full_unstemmed Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title_short Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
title_sort managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27982168
http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(11)08
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