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Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents us...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108963/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329 |
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author | Franklin, Amanda M. Marshall, N. Justin Lewis, Sara M. |
author_facet | Franklin, Amanda M. Marshall, N. Justin Lewis, Sara M. |
author_sort | Franklin, Amanda M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents using chemical cues and perform threat displays showing a coloured patch, the meral spot. In some species, this spot reflects UV. However, despite their complex visual system with up to 20 photoreceptor classes, we do not know if stomatopods use chromatic or achromatic signals in contests. In a field study, we found that Neogonodactylus oerstedii meral spot luminance varies with sex, habitat and, more weakly, body length. Next, we conducted an experimental manipulation which demonstrated that both chemical cues and chromatic signals are used during contests. In the absence of chemical cues, stomatopods approached an occupied refuge more quickly and performed offensive behaviours at a lower rate. When UV reflectance was absent, stomatopods performed offensive behaviours more frequently and contest duration trended towards shorter fights. These results provide new evidence that UV reflectance and/or visible spectrum luminance is used to amplify threat displays. Our results are the first to demonstrate that chemical and chromatic cues comprise a multimodal signal in stomatopod contests. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5108963 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51089632016-11-16 Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters Franklin, Amanda M. Marshall, N. Justin Lewis, Sara M. R Soc Open Sci Biology (Whole Organism) Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents using chemical cues and perform threat displays showing a coloured patch, the meral spot. In some species, this spot reflects UV. However, despite their complex visual system with up to 20 photoreceptor classes, we do not know if stomatopods use chromatic or achromatic signals in contests. In a field study, we found that Neogonodactylus oerstedii meral spot luminance varies with sex, habitat and, more weakly, body length. Next, we conducted an experimental manipulation which demonstrated that both chemical cues and chromatic signals are used during contests. In the absence of chemical cues, stomatopods approached an occupied refuge more quickly and performed offensive behaviours at a lower rate. When UV reflectance was absent, stomatopods performed offensive behaviours more frequently and contest duration trended towards shorter fights. These results provide new evidence that UV reflectance and/or visible spectrum luminance is used to amplify threat displays. Our results are the first to demonstrate that chemical and chromatic cues comprise a multimodal signal in stomatopod contests. The Royal Society 2016-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5108963/ /pubmed/27853613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329 Text en © 2016 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Biology (Whole Organism) Franklin, Amanda M. Marshall, N. Justin Lewis, Sara M. Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title | Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title_full | Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title_fullStr | Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title_full_unstemmed | Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title_short | Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
title_sort | multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters |
topic | Biology (Whole Organism) |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108963/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329 |
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