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Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters

Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents us...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Franklin, Amanda M., Marshall, N. Justin, Lewis, Sara M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329
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author Franklin, Amanda M.
Marshall, N. Justin
Lewis, Sara M.
author_facet Franklin, Amanda M.
Marshall, N. Justin
Lewis, Sara M.
author_sort Franklin, Amanda M.
collection PubMed
description Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents using chemical cues and perform threat displays showing a coloured patch, the meral spot. In some species, this spot reflects UV. However, despite their complex visual system with up to 20 photoreceptor classes, we do not know if stomatopods use chromatic or achromatic signals in contests. In a field study, we found that Neogonodactylus oerstedii meral spot luminance varies with sex, habitat and, more weakly, body length. Next, we conducted an experimental manipulation which demonstrated that both chemical cues and chromatic signals are used during contests. In the absence of chemical cues, stomatopods approached an occupied refuge more quickly and performed offensive behaviours at a lower rate. When UV reflectance was absent, stomatopods performed offensive behaviours more frequently and contest duration trended towards shorter fights. These results provide new evidence that UV reflectance and/or visible spectrum luminance is used to amplify threat displays. Our results are the first to demonstrate that chemical and chromatic cues comprise a multimodal signal in stomatopod contests.
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spelling pubmed-51089632016-11-16 Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters Franklin, Amanda M. Marshall, N. Justin Lewis, Sara M. R Soc Open Sci Biology (Whole Organism) Complex signals are commonly used during intraspecific contests over resources to assess an opponent's fighting ability and/or aggressive state. Stomatopod crustaceans may use complex signals when competing aggressively for refuges. Before physical attacks, stomatopods assess their opponents using chemical cues and perform threat displays showing a coloured patch, the meral spot. In some species, this spot reflects UV. However, despite their complex visual system with up to 20 photoreceptor classes, we do not know if stomatopods use chromatic or achromatic signals in contests. In a field study, we found that Neogonodactylus oerstedii meral spot luminance varies with sex, habitat and, more weakly, body length. Next, we conducted an experimental manipulation which demonstrated that both chemical cues and chromatic signals are used during contests. In the absence of chemical cues, stomatopods approached an occupied refuge more quickly and performed offensive behaviours at a lower rate. When UV reflectance was absent, stomatopods performed offensive behaviours more frequently and contest duration trended towards shorter fights. These results provide new evidence that UV reflectance and/or visible spectrum luminance is used to amplify threat displays. Our results are the first to demonstrate that chemical and chromatic cues comprise a multimodal signal in stomatopod contests. The Royal Society 2016-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5108963/ /pubmed/27853613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329 Text en © 2016 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Biology (Whole Organism)
Franklin, Amanda M.
Marshall, N. Justin
Lewis, Sara M.
Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title_full Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title_fullStr Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title_full_unstemmed Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title_short Multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
title_sort multimodal signals: ultraviolet reflectance and chemical cues in stomatopod agonistic encounters
topic Biology (Whole Organism)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160329
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