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Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis

Bones of the cranial vault appear to be highly conserved among tetrapod vertebrates. Moreover, bones identified with the same name are assumed to be evolutionarily homologous. However, recent developmental studies reveal a key difference in the embryonic origin of cranial vault bones between represe...

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Autores principales: Maddin, Hillary C., Piekarski, Nadine, Sefton, Elizabeth M., Hanken, James
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160356
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author Maddin, Hillary C.
Piekarski, Nadine
Sefton, Elizabeth M.
Hanken, James
author_facet Maddin, Hillary C.
Piekarski, Nadine
Sefton, Elizabeth M.
Hanken, James
author_sort Maddin, Hillary C.
collection PubMed
description Bones of the cranial vault appear to be highly conserved among tetrapod vertebrates. Moreover, bones identified with the same name are assumed to be evolutionarily homologous. However, recent developmental studies reveal a key difference in the embryonic origin of cranial vault bones between representatives of two amniote lineages, mammals and birds, thereby challenging this view. In the mouse, the frontal is derived from cranial neural crest (CNC) but the parietal is derived from mesoderm, placing the CNC–mesoderm boundary at the suture between these bones. In the chicken, this boundary is located within the frontal. This difference and related data have led several recent authors to suggest that bones of the avian cranial vault are misidentified and should be renamed. To elucidate this apparent conflict, we fate-mapped CNC and mesoderm in axolotl to reveal the contributions of these two embryonic cell populations to the cranial vault in a urodele amphibian. The CNC–mesoderm boundary in axolotl is located between the frontal and parietal bones, as in the mouse but unlike the chicken. If, however, the avian frontal is regarded instead as a fused frontal and parietal (i.e. frontoparietal) and the parietal as a postparietal, then the cranial vault of birds becomes developmentally and topologically congruent with those of urodeles and mammals. This alternative hypothesis of cranial vault homology is also phylogenetically consistent with data from the tetrapod fossil record, where frontal, parietal and postparietal bones are present in stem lineages of all extant taxa, including birds. It further implies that a postparietal may be present in most non-avian archosaurs, but fused to the parietal or supraoccipital as in many extant mammals.
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spelling pubmed-51089672016-11-16 Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis Maddin, Hillary C. Piekarski, Nadine Sefton, Elizabeth M. Hanken, James R Soc Open Sci Biology (Whole Organism) Bones of the cranial vault appear to be highly conserved among tetrapod vertebrates. Moreover, bones identified with the same name are assumed to be evolutionarily homologous. However, recent developmental studies reveal a key difference in the embryonic origin of cranial vault bones between representatives of two amniote lineages, mammals and birds, thereby challenging this view. In the mouse, the frontal is derived from cranial neural crest (CNC) but the parietal is derived from mesoderm, placing the CNC–mesoderm boundary at the suture between these bones. In the chicken, this boundary is located within the frontal. This difference and related data have led several recent authors to suggest that bones of the avian cranial vault are misidentified and should be renamed. To elucidate this apparent conflict, we fate-mapped CNC and mesoderm in axolotl to reveal the contributions of these two embryonic cell populations to the cranial vault in a urodele amphibian. The CNC–mesoderm boundary in axolotl is located between the frontal and parietal bones, as in the mouse but unlike the chicken. If, however, the avian frontal is regarded instead as a fused frontal and parietal (i.e. frontoparietal) and the parietal as a postparietal, then the cranial vault of birds becomes developmentally and topologically congruent with those of urodeles and mammals. This alternative hypothesis of cranial vault homology is also phylogenetically consistent with data from the tetrapod fossil record, where frontal, parietal and postparietal bones are present in stem lineages of all extant taxa, including birds. It further implies that a postparietal may be present in most non-avian archosaurs, but fused to the parietal or supraoccipital as in many extant mammals. The Royal Society 2016-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5108967/ /pubmed/27853617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160356 Text en © 2016 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Biology (Whole Organism)
Maddin, Hillary C.
Piekarski, Nadine
Sefton, Elizabeth M.
Hanken, James
Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title_full Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title_fullStr Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title_full_unstemmed Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title_short Homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
title_sort homology of the cranial vault in birds: new insights based on embryonic fate-mapping and character analysis
topic Biology (Whole Organism)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5108967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160356
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