Cargando…

Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia

Deficits in the adaptive, flexible control of behavior contribute to the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia. We used functional MRI and an antisaccade paradigm to examine the neural correlates of cognitive control deficits and their relations to symptom severity. Thirty-three chronic medicated...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Baran, Bengi, Karahanoğlu, F. Işık, Agam, Yigal, Mantonakis, Leonidas, Manoach, Dara S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5109850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27872811
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.020
_version_ 1782467620864262144
author Baran, Bengi
Karahanoğlu, F. Işık
Agam, Yigal
Mantonakis, Leonidas
Manoach, Dara S.
author_facet Baran, Bengi
Karahanoğlu, F. Işık
Agam, Yigal
Mantonakis, Leonidas
Manoach, Dara S.
author_sort Baran, Bengi
collection PubMed
description Deficits in the adaptive, flexible control of behavior contribute to the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia. We used functional MRI and an antisaccade paradigm to examine the neural correlates of cognitive control deficits and their relations to symptom severity. Thirty-three chronic medicated outpatients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls performed an antisaccade paradigm. We examined differences in recruitment of the cognitive control network and task performance for Hard (high control) versus Easy (low control) antisaccade trials within and between groups. We focused on the key regions involved in ‘top-down’ control of ocular motor structures – dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. In patients, we examined whether difficulty implementing cognitive control correlated with symptom severity. Patients made more errors overall, and had shorter saccadic latencies than controls on correct Hard vs. Easy trials. Unlike controls, patients failed to increase activation in the cognitive control network for Hard vs. Easy trials. Reduced activation for Hard vs. Easy trials predicted higher error rates in both groups and increased symptom severity in schizophrenia. These findings suggest that patients with schizophrenia are impaired in mobilizing cognitive control when presented with challenges and that this contributes to deficits suppressing prepotent but contextually inappropriate responses, to behavior that is stimulus-bound and error-prone rather than flexibly guided by context, and to symptom expression. Therapies aimed at increasing cognitive control may improve both cognitive flexibility and reduce the impact of symptoms.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5109850
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Elsevier
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-51098502016-11-21 Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia Baran, Bengi Karahanoğlu, F. Işık Agam, Yigal Mantonakis, Leonidas Manoach, Dara S. Neuroimage Clin Regular Article Deficits in the adaptive, flexible control of behavior contribute to the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia. We used functional MRI and an antisaccade paradigm to examine the neural correlates of cognitive control deficits and their relations to symptom severity. Thirty-three chronic medicated outpatients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls performed an antisaccade paradigm. We examined differences in recruitment of the cognitive control network and task performance for Hard (high control) versus Easy (low control) antisaccade trials within and between groups. We focused on the key regions involved in ‘top-down’ control of ocular motor structures – dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. In patients, we examined whether difficulty implementing cognitive control correlated with symptom severity. Patients made more errors overall, and had shorter saccadic latencies than controls on correct Hard vs. Easy trials. Unlike controls, patients failed to increase activation in the cognitive control network for Hard vs. Easy trials. Reduced activation for Hard vs. Easy trials predicted higher error rates in both groups and increased symptom severity in schizophrenia. These findings suggest that patients with schizophrenia are impaired in mobilizing cognitive control when presented with challenges and that this contributes to deficits suppressing prepotent but contextually inappropriate responses, to behavior that is stimulus-bound and error-prone rather than flexibly guided by context, and to symptom expression. Therapies aimed at increasing cognitive control may improve both cognitive flexibility and reduce the impact of symptoms. Elsevier 2016-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5109850/ /pubmed/27872811 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.020 Text en © 2016 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Baran, Bengi
Karahanoğlu, F. Işık
Agam, Yigal
Mantonakis, Leonidas
Manoach, Dara S.
Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title_full Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title_fullStr Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title_short Failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
title_sort failure to mobilize cognitive control for challenging tasks correlates with symptom severity in schizophrenia
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5109850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27872811
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.020
work_keys_str_mv AT baranbengi failuretomobilizecognitivecontrolforchallengingtaskscorrelateswithsymptomseverityinschizophrenia
AT karahanoglufisık failuretomobilizecognitivecontrolforchallengingtaskscorrelateswithsymptomseverityinschizophrenia
AT agamyigal failuretomobilizecognitivecontrolforchallengingtaskscorrelateswithsymptomseverityinschizophrenia
AT mantonakisleonidas failuretomobilizecognitivecontrolforchallengingtaskscorrelateswithsymptomseverityinschizophrenia
AT manoachdaras failuretomobilizecognitivecontrolforchallengingtaskscorrelateswithsymptomseverityinschizophrenia