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Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training
BACKGROUND: Regular physical exercise determines a progressive increase of the cardiac mass known as adaptive hypertrophy. Up to now, two morphological echocardiographic heart patterns of athletes have been described by Morganroth in 1975: predominant augmentation of wall thickness, and major cavity...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5114809/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27855701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12947-016-0088-x |
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author | Galanti, Giorgio Stefani, Laura Mascherini, Gabriele Di Tante, Valentina Toncelli, Loira |
author_facet | Galanti, Giorgio Stefani, Laura Mascherini, Gabriele Di Tante, Valentina Toncelli, Loira |
author_sort | Galanti, Giorgio |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Regular physical exercise determines a progressive increase of the cardiac mass known as adaptive hypertrophy. Up to now, two morphological echocardiographic heart patterns of athletes have been described by Morganroth in 1975: predominant augmentation of wall thickness, and major cavity size in chamber dimensions in the case of prevalent static or dynamic components. The aim of the study was to follow up the impact of physical training on heart morphology and function in a group of elite soccer and rugby players for at least five years. METHOD: From January 1993 to December 2015 a group of 250 elite soccer players and 114 rugby players were examined: 78 soccer players and 60 rugby players were followed up for 5 years. They were matched with a control group. RESULTS: LV dimensions and LVMi were significantly higher in the athletes than in the inactive subjects (LVMi : 123.45; LVMi: 81.5 vs 94.36 g/m2 respectively). After the five-year follow up the athletes showed no significant modifications in cardiac dimensions: (LVDd from 52.00 ± mm to 52.90 ± mm; LVSd increased from 31.58 ± mm to 32.33 ± mm; Left Ventricular CMI from 120.77 to 121.45 g/m2;p = NS in soccer; from 50.43 ± mm to 52.22 ± mm; Left Ventricular Systolic diameter increased from 32.51 ± mm to 32.8 ± mm; Left Ventricular Mass index from 81,5 to 87,4 g/m2;p = NS and no significant enhancement of the aortic root diameter was observed (Aortic root: from 27.39 mm to 31.64 mm in soccer players; from 30,68 mm to 30.95 mm). CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences were found among the athletes practicing sports with different workload components, and resistance training. In trained athletes the dimensions of the LV chamber and LVMi are generally within the upper limits of the normal range. After a five-year follow-up, the dimensions of the chambers of the heart remain within the normal range, despite being within the the upper limits. Regular physical exercise induces mild LV hypertrophy which therefore can be considered an adaptive consequence to stress-exercise. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5114809 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51148092016-11-25 Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training Galanti, Giorgio Stefani, Laura Mascherini, Gabriele Di Tante, Valentina Toncelli, Loira Cardiovasc Ultrasound Research BACKGROUND: Regular physical exercise determines a progressive increase of the cardiac mass known as adaptive hypertrophy. Up to now, two morphological echocardiographic heart patterns of athletes have been described by Morganroth in 1975: predominant augmentation of wall thickness, and major cavity size in chamber dimensions in the case of prevalent static or dynamic components. The aim of the study was to follow up the impact of physical training on heart morphology and function in a group of elite soccer and rugby players for at least five years. METHOD: From January 1993 to December 2015 a group of 250 elite soccer players and 114 rugby players were examined: 78 soccer players and 60 rugby players were followed up for 5 years. They were matched with a control group. RESULTS: LV dimensions and LVMi were significantly higher in the athletes than in the inactive subjects (LVMi : 123.45; LVMi: 81.5 vs 94.36 g/m2 respectively). After the five-year follow up the athletes showed no significant modifications in cardiac dimensions: (LVDd from 52.00 ± mm to 52.90 ± mm; LVSd increased from 31.58 ± mm to 32.33 ± mm; Left Ventricular CMI from 120.77 to 121.45 g/m2;p = NS in soccer; from 50.43 ± mm to 52.22 ± mm; Left Ventricular Systolic diameter increased from 32.51 ± mm to 32.8 ± mm; Left Ventricular Mass index from 81,5 to 87,4 g/m2;p = NS and no significant enhancement of the aortic root diameter was observed (Aortic root: from 27.39 mm to 31.64 mm in soccer players; from 30,68 mm to 30.95 mm). CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences were found among the athletes practicing sports with different workload components, and resistance training. In trained athletes the dimensions of the LV chamber and LVMi are generally within the upper limits of the normal range. After a five-year follow-up, the dimensions of the chambers of the heart remain within the normal range, despite being within the the upper limits. Regular physical exercise induces mild LV hypertrophy which therefore can be considered an adaptive consequence to stress-exercise. BioMed Central 2016-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5114809/ /pubmed/27855701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12947-016-0088-x Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Galanti, Giorgio Stefani, Laura Mascherini, Gabriele Di Tante, Valentina Toncelli, Loira Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title | Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title_full | Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title_fullStr | Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title_full_unstemmed | Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title_short | Left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
title_sort | left ventricular remodeling and the athlete’s heart, irrespective of quality load training |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5114809/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27855701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12947-016-0088-x |
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