Cargando…

Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective

This study examined the cognitive foundations of the balanced time perspective (BTP) proposed by Zimbardo and Boyd (1999). Although BTP is defined as the mental ability to switch effectively between different temporal perspectives, its connection with cognitive functioning has not yet been establish...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zajenkowski, Marcin, Stolarski, Maciej, Witowska, Joanna, Maciantowicz, Oliwia, Łowicki, Paweł
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5118460/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27920750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01844
_version_ 1782468935890763776
author Zajenkowski, Marcin
Stolarski, Maciej
Witowska, Joanna
Maciantowicz, Oliwia
Łowicki, Paweł
author_facet Zajenkowski, Marcin
Stolarski, Maciej
Witowska, Joanna
Maciantowicz, Oliwia
Łowicki, Paweł
author_sort Zajenkowski, Marcin
collection PubMed
description This study examined the cognitive foundations of the balanced time perspective (BTP) proposed by Zimbardo and Boyd (1999). Although BTP is defined as the mental ability to switch effectively between different temporal perspectives, its connection with cognitive functioning has not yet been established. We addressed this by exploring the relationships between time perspectives and both fluid intelligence (measured with Raven’s and Cattell’s tests) and executive control (Go/No-go and anti-saccade tasks). An investigation conducted among Polish adults (N = 233) revealed that more balanced TP profile was associated with higher fluid intelligence, and higher executive control. Moreover, we found that the relationship between executive control and BTP was completely mediated by fluid intelligence with the effect size (the ratio of the indirect effect to the total effect) of 0.75, which suggests that cognitive abilities play an important role in adoption of temporal balance. The findings have relevance to time perspective theory as they provide valuable insight into the mechanisms involved in assigning human experience to certain time frames.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5118460
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-51184602016-12-05 Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective Zajenkowski, Marcin Stolarski, Maciej Witowska, Joanna Maciantowicz, Oliwia Łowicki, Paweł Front Psychol Psychology This study examined the cognitive foundations of the balanced time perspective (BTP) proposed by Zimbardo and Boyd (1999). Although BTP is defined as the mental ability to switch effectively between different temporal perspectives, its connection with cognitive functioning has not yet been established. We addressed this by exploring the relationships between time perspectives and both fluid intelligence (measured with Raven’s and Cattell’s tests) and executive control (Go/No-go and anti-saccade tasks). An investigation conducted among Polish adults (N = 233) revealed that more balanced TP profile was associated with higher fluid intelligence, and higher executive control. Moreover, we found that the relationship between executive control and BTP was completely mediated by fluid intelligence with the effect size (the ratio of the indirect effect to the total effect) of 0.75, which suggests that cognitive abilities play an important role in adoption of temporal balance. The findings have relevance to time perspective theory as they provide valuable insight into the mechanisms involved in assigning human experience to certain time frames. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5118460/ /pubmed/27920750 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01844 Text en Copyright © 2016 Zajenkowski, Stolarski, Witowska, Maciantowicz and Łowicki. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Zajenkowski, Marcin
Stolarski, Maciej
Witowska, Joanna
Maciantowicz, Oliwia
Łowicki, Paweł
Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title_full Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title_fullStr Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title_short Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective
title_sort fluid intelligence as a mediator of the relationship between executive control and balanced time perspective
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5118460/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27920750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01844
work_keys_str_mv AT zajenkowskimarcin fluidintelligenceasamediatoroftherelationshipbetweenexecutivecontrolandbalancedtimeperspective
AT stolarskimaciej fluidintelligenceasamediatoroftherelationshipbetweenexecutivecontrolandbalancedtimeperspective
AT witowskajoanna fluidintelligenceasamediatoroftherelationshipbetweenexecutivecontrolandbalancedtimeperspective
AT maciantowiczoliwia fluidintelligenceasamediatoroftherelationshipbetweenexecutivecontrolandbalancedtimeperspective
AT łowickipaweł fluidintelligenceasamediatoroftherelationshipbetweenexecutivecontrolandbalancedtimeperspective