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Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span

Sex differences in brain development and aging are important to identify, as they may help to understand risk factors and outcomes in brain disorders that are more prevalent in one sex compared with the other. Brain imaging techniques have advanced rapidly in recent years, yielding detailed structur...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119539/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27870421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23919
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author Jahanshad, Neda
Thompson, Paul M.
author_facet Jahanshad, Neda
Thompson, Paul M.
author_sort Jahanshad, Neda
collection PubMed
description Sex differences in brain development and aging are important to identify, as they may help to understand risk factors and outcomes in brain disorders that are more prevalent in one sex compared with the other. Brain imaging techniques have advanced rapidly in recent years, yielding detailed structural and functional maps of the living brain. Even so, studies are often limited in sample size, and inconsistent findings emerge, one example being varying findings regarding sex differences in the size of the corpus callosum. More recently, large‐scale neuroimaging consortia such as the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis Consortium have formed, pooling together expertise, data, and resources from hundreds of institutions around the world to ensure adequate power and reproducibility. These initiatives are helping us to better understand how brain structure is affected by development, disease, and potential modulators of these effects, including sex. This review highlights some established and disputed sex differences in brain structure across the life span, as well as pitfalls related to interpreting sex differences in health and disease. We also describe sex‐related findings from the ENIGMA consortium, and ongoing efforts to better understand sex differences in brain circuitry. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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spelling pubmed-51195392016-11-30 Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span Jahanshad, Neda Thompson, Paul M. J Neurosci Res Developmental Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders Sex differences in brain development and aging are important to identify, as they may help to understand risk factors and outcomes in brain disorders that are more prevalent in one sex compared with the other. Brain imaging techniques have advanced rapidly in recent years, yielding detailed structural and functional maps of the living brain. Even so, studies are often limited in sample size, and inconsistent findings emerge, one example being varying findings regarding sex differences in the size of the corpus callosum. More recently, large‐scale neuroimaging consortia such as the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis Consortium have formed, pooling together expertise, data, and resources from hundreds of institutions around the world to ensure adequate power and reproducibility. These initiatives are helping us to better understand how brain structure is affected by development, disease, and potential modulators of these effects, including sex. This review highlights some established and disputed sex differences in brain structure across the life span, as well as pitfalls related to interpreting sex differences in health and disease. We also describe sex‐related findings from the ENIGMA consortium, and ongoing efforts to better understand sex differences in brain circuitry. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-11-07 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5119539/ /pubmed/27870421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23919 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Developmental Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders
Jahanshad, Neda
Thompson, Paul M.
Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title_full Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title_fullStr Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title_full_unstemmed Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title_short Multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
title_sort multimodal neuroimaging of male and female brain structure in health and disease across the life span
topic Developmental Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119539/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27870421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23919
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