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Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes

The antagonism between the GTPases Rac1 and RhoA controls cell-to-cell heterogeneity in isogenic populations of cells in vitro and epithelial morphogenesis in vivo. Its involvement in the regulation of cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis has, however, never been addressed. We u...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Martin, Emmanuel, Ouellette, Marie-Hélène, Jenna, Sarah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119937/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27821782
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201604015
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author Martin, Emmanuel
Ouellette, Marie-Hélène
Jenna, Sarah
author_facet Martin, Emmanuel
Ouellette, Marie-Hélène
Jenna, Sarah
author_sort Martin, Emmanuel
collection PubMed
description The antagonism between the GTPases Rac1 and RhoA controls cell-to-cell heterogeneity in isogenic populations of cells in vitro and epithelial morphogenesis in vivo. Its involvement in the regulation of cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis has, however, never been addressed. We used a quantitative cell imaging approach to characterize epidermal morphogenesis at a single-cell level during early elongation of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. This study reveals that a Rac1-like pathway, involving the Rac/Cdc42 guanine-exchange factor β-PIX/PIX-1 and effector PAK1/PAK-1, and a RhoA-like pathway, involving ROCK/LET-502, control the remodeling of apical junctions and the formation of basolateral protrusions in distinct subsets of hypodermal cells. In these contexts, protrusions adopt lamellipodia or an amoeboid morphology. We propose that lamella formation may reduce tension building at cell–cell junctions during morphogenesis. Cell-autonomous antagonism between these pathways enables cells to switch between Rac1- and RhoA-like morphogenetic programs. This study identifies the first case of cell-to-cell heterogeneity controlled by Rac1/RhoA antagonism during epidermal morphogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-51199372017-05-21 Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes Martin, Emmanuel Ouellette, Marie-Hélène Jenna, Sarah J Cell Biol Research Articles The antagonism between the GTPases Rac1 and RhoA controls cell-to-cell heterogeneity in isogenic populations of cells in vitro and epithelial morphogenesis in vivo. Its involvement in the regulation of cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis has, however, never been addressed. We used a quantitative cell imaging approach to characterize epidermal morphogenesis at a single-cell level during early elongation of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. This study reveals that a Rac1-like pathway, involving the Rac/Cdc42 guanine-exchange factor β-PIX/PIX-1 and effector PAK1/PAK-1, and a RhoA-like pathway, involving ROCK/LET-502, control the remodeling of apical junctions and the formation of basolateral protrusions in distinct subsets of hypodermal cells. In these contexts, protrusions adopt lamellipodia or an amoeboid morphology. We propose that lamella formation may reduce tension building at cell–cell junctions during morphogenesis. Cell-autonomous antagonism between these pathways enables cells to switch between Rac1- and RhoA-like morphogenetic programs. This study identifies the first case of cell-to-cell heterogeneity controlled by Rac1/RhoA antagonism during epidermal morphogenesis. The Rockefeller University Press 2016-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5119937/ /pubmed/27821782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201604015 Text en © 2016 Martin et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
spellingShingle Research Articles
Martin, Emmanuel
Ouellette, Marie-Hélène
Jenna, Sarah
Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title_full Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title_fullStr Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title_full_unstemmed Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title_short Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
title_sort rac1/rhoa antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119937/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27821782
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201604015
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AT jennasarah rac1rhoaantagonismdefinescelltocellheterogeneityduringepidermalmorphogenesisinnematodes