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In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy
BACKGROUND: Plant hemicellulose (largely xylan) is an excellent feedstock for renewable energy production and second only to cellulose in abundance. Beyond a source of fermentable sugars, xylan constitutes a critical polymer in the plant cell wall, where its precise role in wall assembly, maturation...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5120481/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27895710 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0669-9 |
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author | Zeng, Yining Yarbrough, John M. Mittal, Ashutosh Tucker, Melvin P. Vinzant, Todd B. Decker, Stephen R. Himmel, Michael E. |
author_facet | Zeng, Yining Yarbrough, John M. Mittal, Ashutosh Tucker, Melvin P. Vinzant, Todd B. Decker, Stephen R. Himmel, Michael E. |
author_sort | Zeng, Yining |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Plant hemicellulose (largely xylan) is an excellent feedstock for renewable energy production and second only to cellulose in abundance. Beyond a source of fermentable sugars, xylan constitutes a critical polymer in the plant cell wall, where its precise role in wall assembly, maturation, and deconstruction remains primarily hypothetical. Effective detection of xylan, particularly by in situ imaging of xylan in the presence of other biopolymers, would provide critical information for tackling the challenges of understanding the assembly and enhancing the liberation of xylan from plant materials. RESULTS: Raman-based imaging techniques, especially the highly sensitive stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, have proven to be valuable tools for label-free imaging. However, due to the complex nature of plant materials, especially those same chemical groups shared between xylan and cellulose, the utility of specific Raman vibrational modes that are unique to xylan have been debated. Here, we report a novel approach based on combining spectroscopic analysis and chemical/enzymatic xylan removal from corn stover cell walls, to make progress in meeting this analytical challenge. We have identified several Raman peaks associated with xylan content in cell walls for label-free in situ imaging xylan in plant cell wall. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that xylan can be resolved from cellulose and lignin in situ using enzymatic digestion and label-free SRS microscopy in both 2D and 3D. We believe that this novel approach can be used to map xylan in plant cell walls and that this ability will enhance our understanding of the role played by xylan in cell wall biosynthesis and deconstruction. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0669-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5120481 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51204812016-11-28 In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy Zeng, Yining Yarbrough, John M. Mittal, Ashutosh Tucker, Melvin P. Vinzant, Todd B. Decker, Stephen R. Himmel, Michael E. Biotechnol Biofuels Research BACKGROUND: Plant hemicellulose (largely xylan) is an excellent feedstock for renewable energy production and second only to cellulose in abundance. Beyond a source of fermentable sugars, xylan constitutes a critical polymer in the plant cell wall, where its precise role in wall assembly, maturation, and deconstruction remains primarily hypothetical. Effective detection of xylan, particularly by in situ imaging of xylan in the presence of other biopolymers, would provide critical information for tackling the challenges of understanding the assembly and enhancing the liberation of xylan from plant materials. RESULTS: Raman-based imaging techniques, especially the highly sensitive stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, have proven to be valuable tools for label-free imaging. However, due to the complex nature of plant materials, especially those same chemical groups shared between xylan and cellulose, the utility of specific Raman vibrational modes that are unique to xylan have been debated. Here, we report a novel approach based on combining spectroscopic analysis and chemical/enzymatic xylan removal from corn stover cell walls, to make progress in meeting this analytical challenge. We have identified several Raman peaks associated with xylan content in cell walls for label-free in situ imaging xylan in plant cell wall. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that xylan can be resolved from cellulose and lignin in situ using enzymatic digestion and label-free SRS microscopy in both 2D and 3D. We believe that this novel approach can be used to map xylan in plant cell walls and that this ability will enhance our understanding of the role played by xylan in cell wall biosynthesis and deconstruction. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0669-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5120481/ /pubmed/27895710 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0669-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Zeng, Yining Yarbrough, John M. Mittal, Ashutosh Tucker, Melvin P. Vinzant, Todd B. Decker, Stephen R. Himmel, Michael E. In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title | In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title_full | In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title_fullStr | In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title_short | In situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy |
title_sort | in situ label-free imaging of hemicellulose in plant cell walls using stimulated raman scattering microscopy |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5120481/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27895710 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0669-9 |
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