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Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts
Female pigs nursing their first litter (first-parity gilts) have increased energy requirements not only to support their piglets, but they themselves are still maturing. Non-targeted plasma metabolomics were used to investigate the differences between (1) post-farrowing and weaning (early or late la...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5122192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27933298 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00077 |
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author | Rempel, Lea A. Miles, Jeremy R. Oliver, William T. Broeckling, Corey D. |
author_facet | Rempel, Lea A. Miles, Jeremy R. Oliver, William T. Broeckling, Corey D. |
author_sort | Rempel, Lea A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Female pigs nursing their first litter (first-parity gilts) have increased energy requirements not only to support their piglets, but they themselves are still maturing. Non-targeted plasma metabolomics were used to investigate the differences between (1) post-farrowing and weaning (early or late lactation), (2) degree of body condition loss after lactation (extreme or minimal), and (3) interactions; to potentially identify compounds or pathways that could aide in alleviating energetic demands of lactation in gilts. Twenty first-parity gilts were selected with similar (P ≥ 0.4475) number of piglets born and nursed, and similar (P ≥ 0.3141) body condition traits (e.g., body weight and backfat thickness) post-farrowing, yet exhibited minimal or extreme loss (P ≤ 0.0094) in body weight (8.6 ± 1.48 kg and 26.1 ± 1.90 kg, respectively) and backfat thickness (1.3 ± 0.67 mm and 4.7 ± 0.86 mm, respectively) following lactation (weaning). Plasma samples from first-parity gilts at post-farrowing and weaning were investigated using UPLC-MS and GC-MS to generate a comprehensive metabolic profile. Each approach yielded approximately 700 detected features. An ANOVA was performed on each detected compound in R for time of collection, body condition change, and the interaction, followed by a false discovery correction. Two unknown features were different (P ≤ 0.05) for extreme vs. minimal body condition change. Several compound differences (P ≤ 0.05) were identified between post-farrowing and weaning. Thirty-two features detected by UPLC-MS had at least a log(2) fold-change of ±1.0 while only 18 features had a log(2) fold-change of ±0.6 or more for the significant GC-MS features. Annotation implicated various metabolic pathways. Creatinine was greater at weaning (P = 0.0224) and others have reported increased serum concentrations of creatinine in response to body weight loss. Hippurate and caprolactam, associated with protein catabolism, were also greater (P ≤ 0.0166) at weaning. Phospholipid features (P ≤ 0.0347) and inositol-related features (P ≤ 0.0236) were also greater at weaning. Inositol features may exert insulin-like effects. The energetic demands of lactation in gilts nursing their first litter indicated a greater difference exists between early and late lactation regardless of body condition loss. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5122192 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51221922016-12-08 Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts Rempel, Lea A. Miles, Jeremy R. Oliver, William T. Broeckling, Corey D. Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences Female pigs nursing their first litter (first-parity gilts) have increased energy requirements not only to support their piglets, but they themselves are still maturing. Non-targeted plasma metabolomics were used to investigate the differences between (1) post-farrowing and weaning (early or late lactation), (2) degree of body condition loss after lactation (extreme or minimal), and (3) interactions; to potentially identify compounds or pathways that could aide in alleviating energetic demands of lactation in gilts. Twenty first-parity gilts were selected with similar (P ≥ 0.4475) number of piglets born and nursed, and similar (P ≥ 0.3141) body condition traits (e.g., body weight and backfat thickness) post-farrowing, yet exhibited minimal or extreme loss (P ≤ 0.0094) in body weight (8.6 ± 1.48 kg and 26.1 ± 1.90 kg, respectively) and backfat thickness (1.3 ± 0.67 mm and 4.7 ± 0.86 mm, respectively) following lactation (weaning). Plasma samples from first-parity gilts at post-farrowing and weaning were investigated using UPLC-MS and GC-MS to generate a comprehensive metabolic profile. Each approach yielded approximately 700 detected features. An ANOVA was performed on each detected compound in R for time of collection, body condition change, and the interaction, followed by a false discovery correction. Two unknown features were different (P ≤ 0.05) for extreme vs. minimal body condition change. Several compound differences (P ≤ 0.05) were identified between post-farrowing and weaning. Thirty-two features detected by UPLC-MS had at least a log(2) fold-change of ±1.0 while only 18 features had a log(2) fold-change of ±0.6 or more for the significant GC-MS features. Annotation implicated various metabolic pathways. Creatinine was greater at weaning (P = 0.0224) and others have reported increased serum concentrations of creatinine in response to body weight loss. Hippurate and caprolactam, associated with protein catabolism, were also greater (P ≤ 0.0166) at weaning. Phospholipid features (P ≤ 0.0347) and inositol-related features (P ≤ 0.0236) were also greater at weaning. Inositol features may exert insulin-like effects. The energetic demands of lactation in gilts nursing their first litter indicated a greater difference exists between early and late lactation regardless of body condition loss. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5122192/ /pubmed/27933298 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00077 Text en Copyright © 2016 Rempel, Miles, Oliver and Broeckling. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Molecular Biosciences Rempel, Lea A. Miles, Jeremy R. Oliver, William T. Broeckling, Corey D. Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title | Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title_full | Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title_fullStr | Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title_full_unstemmed | Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title_short | Non-targeted Plasma Metabolome of Early and Late Lactation Gilts |
title_sort | non-targeted plasma metabolome of early and late lactation gilts |
topic | Molecular Biosciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5122192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27933298 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00077 |
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