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Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review

Prostate is an immune-competent organ normally populated by inflammatory cells. Prostatic inflammation origin can be multi-factorial and there are some emerging evidences on its possible role as a factor involved in prostate cancer (PC) pathogenesis and progression. This review critically analyzes t...

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Autores principales: Sciarra, Alessandro, Gentilucci, Alessandro, Salciccia, Stefano, Pierella, Federico, Del Bianco, Flavio, Gentile, Vincenzo, Silvestri, Ida, Cattarino, Susanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5123292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27924136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12950-016-0143-2
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author Sciarra, Alessandro
Gentilucci, Alessandro
Salciccia, Stefano
Pierella, Federico
Del Bianco, Flavio
Gentile, Vincenzo
Silvestri, Ida
Cattarino, Susanna
author_facet Sciarra, Alessandro
Gentilucci, Alessandro
Salciccia, Stefano
Pierella, Federico
Del Bianco, Flavio
Gentile, Vincenzo
Silvestri, Ida
Cattarino, Susanna
author_sort Sciarra, Alessandro
collection PubMed
description Prostate is an immune-competent organ normally populated by inflammatory cells. Prostatic inflammation origin can be multi-factorial and there are some emerging evidences on its possible role as a factor involved in prostate cancer (PC) pathogenesis and progression. This review critically analyzes the role of inflammation as a prognostic factor for progression and aggressiveness of PC. We verified the last 10 years literature data on the association between inflammation and PC aggressiveness, or PC response to therapies. Several studies tried to correlate different inflammatory factors with the aggressiveness and metastatization of PC; all data sustain the role of inflammation in PC progression but they also produce confusion to identify a reliable clinical prognostic marker. Data on patients submitted to radical prostatectomy (RP) showed that cases with marked intraprostatic tissue inflammation are associated with higher rate of biochemical progression; systemic inflammation markers appear to have a significant prognostic value. Analyzing data on patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT) emerges a significant association between high neuthrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and decreased progression free survival and overall survival; also plateled to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been proposed as significant prognostic factors for progression and overall survival. In patients submitted to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), inflammation may drive castration resistant PC (CRPC) development by activation of STAT3 in PC cells. NLR has been proposed as independent predictor of overall survival in CRPC submitted to chemotherapy. Most of data are focused on markers related to systemic inflammation such as NLR and CRP, more than specifically to chronic prostatic inflammation. The suggestion is that these inflammatory parameters, also if not specific for prostatic inflammation and possibly influenced by several factors other than PC, can integrate with established prognostic factors.
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spelling pubmed-51232922016-12-06 Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review Sciarra, Alessandro Gentilucci, Alessandro Salciccia, Stefano Pierella, Federico Del Bianco, Flavio Gentile, Vincenzo Silvestri, Ida Cattarino, Susanna J Inflamm (Lond) Review Prostate is an immune-competent organ normally populated by inflammatory cells. Prostatic inflammation origin can be multi-factorial and there are some emerging evidences on its possible role as a factor involved in prostate cancer (PC) pathogenesis and progression. This review critically analyzes the role of inflammation as a prognostic factor for progression and aggressiveness of PC. We verified the last 10 years literature data on the association between inflammation and PC aggressiveness, or PC response to therapies. Several studies tried to correlate different inflammatory factors with the aggressiveness and metastatization of PC; all data sustain the role of inflammation in PC progression but they also produce confusion to identify a reliable clinical prognostic marker. Data on patients submitted to radical prostatectomy (RP) showed that cases with marked intraprostatic tissue inflammation are associated with higher rate of biochemical progression; systemic inflammation markers appear to have a significant prognostic value. Analyzing data on patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT) emerges a significant association between high neuthrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and decreased progression free survival and overall survival; also plateled to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been proposed as significant prognostic factors for progression and overall survival. In patients submitted to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), inflammation may drive castration resistant PC (CRPC) development by activation of STAT3 in PC cells. NLR has been proposed as independent predictor of overall survival in CRPC submitted to chemotherapy. Most of data are focused on markers related to systemic inflammation such as NLR and CRP, more than specifically to chronic prostatic inflammation. The suggestion is that these inflammatory parameters, also if not specific for prostatic inflammation and possibly influenced by several factors other than PC, can integrate with established prognostic factors. BioMed Central 2016-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5123292/ /pubmed/27924136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12950-016-0143-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Sciarra, Alessandro
Gentilucci, Alessandro
Salciccia, Stefano
Pierella, Federico
Del Bianco, Flavio
Gentile, Vincenzo
Silvestri, Ida
Cattarino, Susanna
Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title_full Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title_fullStr Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title_full_unstemmed Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title_short Prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
title_sort prognostic value of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and response to therapeutic: a critical review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5123292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27924136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12950-016-0143-2
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