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Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence

It has been hypothesized that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play important roles in nicotine dependence (ND) and influence the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in smokers. We compiled the associations between nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes (CHRNs) and ND/CPD that were...

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Autores principales: Zuo, Lingjun, Garcia-Milian, Rolando, Guo, Xiaoyun, Zhong, Chunlong, Tan, Yunlong, Wang, Zhiren, Wang, Jijun, Wang, Xiaoping, Kang, Longli, Lu, Lu, Chen, Xiangning, Li, Chiang-Shan R., Luo, Xingguang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5126781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27827986
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes7110095
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author Zuo, Lingjun
Garcia-Milian, Rolando
Guo, Xiaoyun
Zhong, Chunlong
Tan, Yunlong
Wang, Zhiren
Wang, Jijun
Wang, Xiaoping
Kang, Longli
Lu, Lu
Chen, Xiangning
Li, Chiang-Shan R.
Luo, Xingguang
author_facet Zuo, Lingjun
Garcia-Milian, Rolando
Guo, Xiaoyun
Zhong, Chunlong
Tan, Yunlong
Wang, Zhiren
Wang, Jijun
Wang, Xiaoping
Kang, Longli
Lu, Lu
Chen, Xiangning
Li, Chiang-Shan R.
Luo, Xingguang
author_sort Zuo, Lingjun
collection PubMed
description It has been hypothesized that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play important roles in nicotine dependence (ND) and influence the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in smokers. We compiled the associations between nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes (CHRNs) and ND/CPD that were replicated across different studies, reviewed the expression of these risk genes in human/mouse brains, and verified their expression using independent samples of both human and mouse brains. The potential functions of the replicated risk variants were examined using cis-eQTL analysis or predicted using a series of bioinformatics analyses. We found replicated and significant associations for ND/CPD at 19 SNPs in six genes in three genomic regions (CHRNB3-A6, CHRNA5-A3-B4 and CHRNA4). These six risk genes are expressed in at least 18 distinct areas of the human/mouse brain, with verification in our independent human and mouse brain samples. The risk variants might influence the transcription, expression and splicing of the risk genes, alter RNA secondary or protein structure. We conclude that the replicated associations between CHRNB3-A6, CHRNA5-A3-B4, CHRNA4 and ND/CPD are very robust. More research is needed to examine how these genetic variants contribute to the risk for ND/CPD.
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spelling pubmed-51267812016-12-02 Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence Zuo, Lingjun Garcia-Milian, Rolando Guo, Xiaoyun Zhong, Chunlong Tan, Yunlong Wang, Zhiren Wang, Jijun Wang, Xiaoping Kang, Longli Lu, Lu Chen, Xiangning Li, Chiang-Shan R. Luo, Xingguang Genes (Basel) Article It has been hypothesized that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play important roles in nicotine dependence (ND) and influence the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in smokers. We compiled the associations between nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes (CHRNs) and ND/CPD that were replicated across different studies, reviewed the expression of these risk genes in human/mouse brains, and verified their expression using independent samples of both human and mouse brains. The potential functions of the replicated risk variants were examined using cis-eQTL analysis or predicted using a series of bioinformatics analyses. We found replicated and significant associations for ND/CPD at 19 SNPs in six genes in three genomic regions (CHRNB3-A6, CHRNA5-A3-B4 and CHRNA4). These six risk genes are expressed in at least 18 distinct areas of the human/mouse brain, with verification in our independent human and mouse brain samples. The risk variants might influence the transcription, expression and splicing of the risk genes, alter RNA secondary or protein structure. We conclude that the replicated associations between CHRNB3-A6, CHRNA5-A3-B4, CHRNA4 and ND/CPD are very robust. More research is needed to examine how these genetic variants contribute to the risk for ND/CPD. MDPI 2016-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5126781/ /pubmed/27827986 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes7110095 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zuo, Lingjun
Garcia-Milian, Rolando
Guo, Xiaoyun
Zhong, Chunlong
Tan, Yunlong
Wang, Zhiren
Wang, Jijun
Wang, Xiaoping
Kang, Longli
Lu, Lu
Chen, Xiangning
Li, Chiang-Shan R.
Luo, Xingguang
Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title_full Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title_fullStr Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title_full_unstemmed Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title_short Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence
title_sort replicated risk nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes for nicotine dependence
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5126781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27827986
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes7110095
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