Claudin‐1 correlates with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate the clinical significance of claudin‐1 (CLDN1) expression in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We examined CLDN1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray from 258 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We investigated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in H358 (formerly bronchioloalveolar carcinoma) and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549) by real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that prognostic factors for lung adenocarcinoma were histologic type, CLDN1, T stage and N stage. Patients with positive CLDN1 expression had a poorer prognosis than patients with negative CLDN1 expression. CLDN1 expression was correlated with Ras and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. Patients with positive expressions of both CLDN1 and Ras/EGFR had a poorer prognosis than patients with CLDN1 (+) Ras/EGFR(−) or CLDN1 (−) Ras/EGFR(+) and patients with negative expressions of both CLDN1 and Ras/EGFR. CLDN1 mRNA expression was lower in the H358 compared with the lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549). CONCLUSION: The combination of CLDN1 and Ras/EGFR is a valuable independent prognostic predictor for lung adenocarcinoma.