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Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme

To address mild iodine deficiency in Australia, a mandatory fortification program of iodised salt in bread was implemented in 2009. This study aimed to determine factors associated with achieving an adequate dietary iodine intake in the Australian population post-fortification, and to assess whether...

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Autores principales: Charlton, Karen, Probst, Yasmine, Kiene, Gabriella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133088/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27827915
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110701
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author Charlton, Karen
Probst, Yasmine
Kiene, Gabriella
author_facet Charlton, Karen
Probst, Yasmine
Kiene, Gabriella
author_sort Charlton, Karen
collection PubMed
description To address mild iodine deficiency in Australia, a mandatory fortification program of iodised salt in bread was implemented in 2009. This study aimed to determine factors associated with achieving an adequate dietary iodine intake in the Australian population post-fortification, and to assess whether bread consumption patterns affect iodine intake in high-risk groups. Using nationally representative data of repeated 24-h dietary recalls from the 2011–2012 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, dietary iodine intakes and food group contributions were compared by age, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographical remoteness (N = 7735). The association between fortified bread intake and adequacy of iodine intake (meeting age and sex-specific Estimated Average Requirements) was investigated using logistic regression models in women of childbearing age 14–50 years (n = 3496) and children aged 2–18 years (n = 1772). The effect of SES on bread consumption was further investigated in a sub group of children aged 5–9 years (n = 488). Main sources of iodine intake at the time of the survey were cereal and cereal products, followed by milk products and dishes. Differences in iodine intake and dietary iodine habits according to age, SES and location were found (p < 0.001) for women of child-bearing age. Fortified bread consumption at ≥100 g/day was associated with five times greater odds of achieving an adequate iodine intake (OR 5.0, 95% CI 4.96–5.13; p < 0.001) compared to lower bread consumption in women and 12 times in children (OR 12.34, 95% CI 1.71–89.26; p < 0.001). Disparities in dietary iodine intake exist within sectors of the Australian population, even after mandatory fortification of a staple food. On-going monitoring and surveillance of iodine status is required.
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spelling pubmed-51330882016-12-11 Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme Charlton, Karen Probst, Yasmine Kiene, Gabriella Nutrients Article To address mild iodine deficiency in Australia, a mandatory fortification program of iodised salt in bread was implemented in 2009. This study aimed to determine factors associated with achieving an adequate dietary iodine intake in the Australian population post-fortification, and to assess whether bread consumption patterns affect iodine intake in high-risk groups. Using nationally representative data of repeated 24-h dietary recalls from the 2011–2012 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, dietary iodine intakes and food group contributions were compared by age, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographical remoteness (N = 7735). The association between fortified bread intake and adequacy of iodine intake (meeting age and sex-specific Estimated Average Requirements) was investigated using logistic regression models in women of childbearing age 14–50 years (n = 3496) and children aged 2–18 years (n = 1772). The effect of SES on bread consumption was further investigated in a sub group of children aged 5–9 years (n = 488). Main sources of iodine intake at the time of the survey were cereal and cereal products, followed by milk products and dishes. Differences in iodine intake and dietary iodine habits according to age, SES and location were found (p < 0.001) for women of child-bearing age. Fortified bread consumption at ≥100 g/day was associated with five times greater odds of achieving an adequate iodine intake (OR 5.0, 95% CI 4.96–5.13; p < 0.001) compared to lower bread consumption in women and 12 times in children (OR 12.34, 95% CI 1.71–89.26; p < 0.001). Disparities in dietary iodine intake exist within sectors of the Australian population, even after mandatory fortification of a staple food. On-going monitoring and surveillance of iodine status is required. MDPI 2016-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5133088/ /pubmed/27827915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110701 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Charlton, Karen
Probst, Yasmine
Kiene, Gabriella
Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title_full Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title_fullStr Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title_short Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme
title_sort dietary iodine intake of the australian population after introduction of a mandatory iodine fortification programme
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133088/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27827915
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110701
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