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Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers
Fatty acids (FA), phospholipids (PL), and gangliosides (GD) play a central role in infant growth, immune and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine FA, PL, and GD compositional changes in human milk (HM) during lactation in a large group of Chinese lactating mothers (540 volu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110715 |
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author | Giuffrida, Francesca Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina Bertschy, Emmanuelle Fontannaz, Patric Masserey Elmelegy, Isabelle Tavazzi, Isabelle Marmet, Cynthia Sanchez-Bridge, Belén Thakkar, Sagar K. De Castro, Carlos Antonio Vinyes-Pares, Gerard Zhang, Yumei Wang, Peiyu |
author_facet | Giuffrida, Francesca Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina Bertschy, Emmanuelle Fontannaz, Patric Masserey Elmelegy, Isabelle Tavazzi, Isabelle Marmet, Cynthia Sanchez-Bridge, Belén Thakkar, Sagar K. De Castro, Carlos Antonio Vinyes-Pares, Gerard Zhang, Yumei Wang, Peiyu |
author_sort | Giuffrida, Francesca |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fatty acids (FA), phospholipids (PL), and gangliosides (GD) play a central role in infant growth, immune and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine FA, PL, and GD compositional changes in human milk (HM) during lactation in a large group of Chinese lactating mothers (540 volunteers) residing in Beijing, Guangzhou, and Suzhou. HM samples were collected after full expression from one breast and while the baby was fed on the other breast. FA were assessed by direct methylation followed by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. PL and GD were extracted using chloroform and methanol. A methodology employing liquid chromatography coupled with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) and with time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry was used to quantify PL and GD classes in HM, respectively. Saturated FA (SFA), mono-unsaturated FA (MUFA), and PL content decreased during lactation, while polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and GD content increased. Among different cities, over the lactation time, HM from Beijing showed the highest SFA content, HM from Guangzhou the highest MUFA content and HM from Suzhou the highest n-3PUFA content. The highest total PL and GD contents were observed in HM from Suzhou. In order to investigate the influence of the diet on maternal milk composition, a careful analyses of dietary habits of these population needs to be performed in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5133101 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51331012016-12-11 Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers Giuffrida, Francesca Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina Bertschy, Emmanuelle Fontannaz, Patric Masserey Elmelegy, Isabelle Tavazzi, Isabelle Marmet, Cynthia Sanchez-Bridge, Belén Thakkar, Sagar K. De Castro, Carlos Antonio Vinyes-Pares, Gerard Zhang, Yumei Wang, Peiyu Nutrients Article Fatty acids (FA), phospholipids (PL), and gangliosides (GD) play a central role in infant growth, immune and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine FA, PL, and GD compositional changes in human milk (HM) during lactation in a large group of Chinese lactating mothers (540 volunteers) residing in Beijing, Guangzhou, and Suzhou. HM samples were collected after full expression from one breast and while the baby was fed on the other breast. FA were assessed by direct methylation followed by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. PL and GD were extracted using chloroform and methanol. A methodology employing liquid chromatography coupled with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) and with time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry was used to quantify PL and GD classes in HM, respectively. Saturated FA (SFA), mono-unsaturated FA (MUFA), and PL content decreased during lactation, while polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and GD content increased. Among different cities, over the lactation time, HM from Beijing showed the highest SFA content, HM from Guangzhou the highest MUFA content and HM from Suzhou the highest n-3PUFA content. The highest total PL and GD contents were observed in HM from Suzhou. In order to investigate the influence of the diet on maternal milk composition, a careful analyses of dietary habits of these population needs to be performed in the future. MDPI 2016-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5133101/ /pubmed/27834894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110715 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Giuffrida, Francesca Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina Bertschy, Emmanuelle Fontannaz, Patric Masserey Elmelegy, Isabelle Tavazzi, Isabelle Marmet, Cynthia Sanchez-Bridge, Belén Thakkar, Sagar K. De Castro, Carlos Antonio Vinyes-Pares, Gerard Zhang, Yumei Wang, Peiyu Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title | Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title_full | Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title_fullStr | Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title_full_unstemmed | Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title_short | Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers |
title_sort | temporal changes of human breast milk lipids of chinese mothers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110715 |
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