Membrane depolarization-induced RhoA/Rho-associated kinase activation and sustained contraction of rat caudal arterial smooth muscle involves genistein-sensitive tyrosine phosphorylation

Rho-associated kinase (ROK) activation plays an important role in K(+)-induced contraction of rat caudal arterial smooth muscle (Mita et al., Biochem J. 2002; 364: 431–40). The present study investigated a potential role for tyrosine kinase activity in K(+)-induced RhoA activation and contraction. The non-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, but not the src family tyrosine kinase inhibitor PP2, inhibited K(+)-induced sustained contraction (IC(50) = 11.3 ± 2.4 µM). Genistein (10 µM) inhibited the K(+)-induced increase in myosin light chain (LC(20)) phosphorylation without affecting the Ca(2+) transient. The tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate induced contraction that was reversed by genistein (IC(50) = 6.5 ± 2.3 µM) and the ROK inhibitor Y-27632 (IC(50) = 0.27 ± 0.04 µM). Vanadate also increased LC(20) phosphorylation in a genistein- and Y-27632-dependent manner. K(+) stimulation induced translocation of RhoA to the membrane, which was inhibited by genistein. Phosphorylation of MYPT1 (myosin-targeting subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase) was significantly increased at Thr855 and Thr697 by K(+) stimulation in a genistein- and Y-27632-sensitive manner. Finally, K(+) stimulation induced genistein-sensitive tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins of ∼55, 70 and 113 kDa. We conclude that a genistein-sensitive tyrosine kinase, activated by the membrane depolarization-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i), is involved in the RhoA/ROK activation and sustained contraction induced by K(+). Ca(2+) sensitization, myosin light chain phosphatase, RhoA, Rho-associated kinase, tyrosine kinase