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Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L

BACKGROUND: The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is of great concern to the global health community. Our ability to effectively treat diseases is based on the discovery of potent drugs for the treatment of these challenging diseases. Traditional medicines are one of the major sources...

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Autores principales: Ayaz, Muhammad, Junaid, Muhammad, Ullah, Farhat, Sadiq, Abdul, Ovais, Muhammad, Ahmad, Waqar, ahmad, Sajjad, Zeb, Anwar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5139080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4
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author Ayaz, Muhammad
Junaid, Muhammad
Ullah, Farhat
Sadiq, Abdul
Ovais, Muhammad
Ahmad, Waqar
ahmad, Sajjad
Zeb, Anwar
author_facet Ayaz, Muhammad
Junaid, Muhammad
Ullah, Farhat
Sadiq, Abdul
Ovais, Muhammad
Ahmad, Waqar
ahmad, Sajjad
Zeb, Anwar
author_sort Ayaz, Muhammad
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is of great concern to the global health community. Our ability to effectively treat diseases is based on the discovery of potent drugs for the treatment of these challenging diseases. Traditional medicines are one of the major sources for the discovery of safe, effective and economical drug candidates. In order to validate its antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal potentials with respect to traditional uses, we have screened for the first time Polygonum hydropiper against pathogenic bacterial, fungal strains and a variety of insects. METHODS: Polygonum hydropiper samples including crude extract (Ph.Cr), subsequent fractions; n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq) and crude saponins (Ph.Sp) were tested against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Insecticidal activities were performed against Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica and Monomorium pharaonis. Ph.Cr was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for preliminary identification of chemical constituents. RESULTS: In disc diffusion assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.Hex, Ph.EtAc and Ph.Sp exhibited highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis. MICs of Ph.Chf against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 32.00, 13.33, 10.66, 5.33, 64.00, 8.66 and 10.66 μg/ml respectively. MFC’s of Ph.Chf against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were 16.66, 23.33, 125.00 and 46.66 μg/ml respectively. Ph.EtAc, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf and Ph.Bt were most active fractions against T. castaneum and R. dominica. Ph.Sp being most active against A. punctatum exhibited LC(50) of < 0.01 mg/ml. In GC-MS analysis of Ph.Cr, 124 compounds were identified among which several bioactive antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal compounds were found. CONCLUSIONS: P. hydropiper samples exhibited broad spectrum of activity against bacterial and fungal strains. Our results support previously reported insecticidal properties of saponins and may provide scientific justification for the ethno-medicinal uses of the plant. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-51390802016-12-15 Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L Ayaz, Muhammad Junaid, Muhammad Ullah, Farhat Sadiq, Abdul Ovais, Muhammad Ahmad, Waqar ahmad, Sajjad Zeb, Anwar BMC Complement Altern Med Research Article BACKGROUND: The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is of great concern to the global health community. Our ability to effectively treat diseases is based on the discovery of potent drugs for the treatment of these challenging diseases. Traditional medicines are one of the major sources for the discovery of safe, effective and economical drug candidates. In order to validate its antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal potentials with respect to traditional uses, we have screened for the first time Polygonum hydropiper against pathogenic bacterial, fungal strains and a variety of insects. METHODS: Polygonum hydropiper samples including crude extract (Ph.Cr), subsequent fractions; n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq) and crude saponins (Ph.Sp) were tested against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Insecticidal activities were performed against Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica and Monomorium pharaonis. Ph.Cr was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for preliminary identification of chemical constituents. RESULTS: In disc diffusion assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.Hex, Ph.EtAc and Ph.Sp exhibited highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis. MICs of Ph.Chf against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 32.00, 13.33, 10.66, 5.33, 64.00, 8.66 and 10.66 μg/ml respectively. MFC’s of Ph.Chf against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were 16.66, 23.33, 125.00 and 46.66 μg/ml respectively. Ph.EtAc, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf and Ph.Bt were most active fractions against T. castaneum and R. dominica. Ph.Sp being most active against A. punctatum exhibited LC(50) of < 0.01 mg/ml. In GC-MS analysis of Ph.Cr, 124 compounds were identified among which several bioactive antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal compounds were found. CONCLUSIONS: P. hydropiper samples exhibited broad spectrum of activity against bacterial and fungal strains. Our results support previously reported insecticidal properties of saponins and may provide scientific justification for the ethno-medicinal uses of the plant. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5139080/ /pubmed/27919287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ayaz, Muhammad
Junaid, Muhammad
Ullah, Farhat
Sadiq, Abdul
Ovais, Muhammad
Ahmad, Waqar
ahmad, Sajjad
Zeb, Anwar
Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title_full Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title_fullStr Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title_full_unstemmed Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title_short Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L
title_sort chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of polygonum hydropiper l
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5139080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4
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