Individuation of objects and object parts rely on the same neuronal mechanism

Recent results have shown that participants can enumerate multiple parts of a single object as efficiently as multiple distinct objects, suggesting a shared mechanism for individuation of objects and object parts. Here we used the subitizing phenomenon to investigate the neural mechanism underlying the individuation of object parts. In two experiments, we measured a lateralized EEG response (N2pc) previously associated with individuation of multiple objects. In line with the subitizing effect, participants’ error rate was low (less than 10%) when enumerating up to approximately three parts of an object but increased for larger numerosities. The N2pc amplitude increased as a function of the number of object parts, and reached an asymptote corresponding to the subitizing limit, replicating previous reports for separate objects. These results invite the inference that the same neural mechanism underlies individuation of multiple distinct objects and multiple parts of a single object.