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Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), due to their widespread usage as flame retardants and their lipophilicity and persistence, have become ubiquitous in the environment. It is urgent to understand the environmental characteristics of PBDEs in marine system, but they have attracted little attenti...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Ying, Wang, Weiliang, Song, Jinming, Ren, Zongming, Yuan, Huamao, Yan, Huijun, Zhang, Jinpeng, Pei, Zhen, He, Zhipeng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5143782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27999788
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1317232
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author Zhang, Ying
Wang, Weiliang
Song, Jinming
Ren, Zongming
Yuan, Huamao
Yan, Huijun
Zhang, Jinpeng
Pei, Zhen
He, Zhipeng
author_facet Zhang, Ying
Wang, Weiliang
Song, Jinming
Ren, Zongming
Yuan, Huamao
Yan, Huijun
Zhang, Jinpeng
Pei, Zhen
He, Zhipeng
author_sort Zhang, Ying
collection PubMed
description Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), due to their widespread usage as flame retardants and their lipophilicity and persistence, have become ubiquitous in the environment. It is urgent to understand the environmental characteristics of PBDEs in marine system, but they have attracted little attention. We summarize the available data and analyze the regional distributions, controlling factors, and congener patterns of PBDEs in marine and associated environmental matrixes worldwide. Based on meta-analysis, after separating the estuarial sites from the marine sites, ignoring the extraordinary sample sites such as those located just near the point source, the PBDE concentration levels are still in the same order of magnitude from global scale. Despite Principal Component Analysis, the congener patterns of sediments are predominant with the heavy brominated congeners (BDE-209 contributing over 75% to the total load) while the biota abound with the light ones (BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-100 taking about 80%). The ratio between BDE-99 and BDE-100 for the lower trophic-level species often turns to be greater than 1, while for those higher species the ratio may be below 1, and some species feed mainly on the crustaceans and zooplankton seems to have a higher ratio value. The data of the PBDEs in marine system are currently limited; thus, data gaps are identified as well.
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spelling pubmed-51437822016-12-20 Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments Zhang, Ying Wang, Weiliang Song, Jinming Ren, Zongming Yuan, Huamao Yan, Huijun Zhang, Jinpeng Pei, Zhen He, Zhipeng Biomed Res Int Review Article Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), due to their widespread usage as flame retardants and their lipophilicity and persistence, have become ubiquitous in the environment. It is urgent to understand the environmental characteristics of PBDEs in marine system, but they have attracted little attention. We summarize the available data and analyze the regional distributions, controlling factors, and congener patterns of PBDEs in marine and associated environmental matrixes worldwide. Based on meta-analysis, after separating the estuarial sites from the marine sites, ignoring the extraordinary sample sites such as those located just near the point source, the PBDE concentration levels are still in the same order of magnitude from global scale. Despite Principal Component Analysis, the congener patterns of sediments are predominant with the heavy brominated congeners (BDE-209 contributing over 75% to the total load) while the biota abound with the light ones (BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-100 taking about 80%). The ratio between BDE-99 and BDE-100 for the lower trophic-level species often turns to be greater than 1, while for those higher species the ratio may be below 1, and some species feed mainly on the crustaceans and zooplankton seems to have a higher ratio value. The data of the PBDEs in marine system are currently limited; thus, data gaps are identified as well. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5143782/ /pubmed/27999788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1317232 Text en Copyright © 2016 Ying Zhang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Zhang, Ying
Wang, Weiliang
Song, Jinming
Ren, Zongming
Yuan, Huamao
Yan, Huijun
Zhang, Jinpeng
Pei, Zhen
He, Zhipeng
Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title_full Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title_fullStr Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title_full_unstemmed Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title_short Environmental Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Marine System, with Emphasis on Marine Organisms and Sediments
title_sort environmental characteristics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine system, with emphasis on marine organisms and sediments
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5143782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27999788
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1317232
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