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Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms
As we age, our hearts undergo changes that result in a reduction in complexity of physiological interactions between different control mechanisms. This results in a potential risk of cardiovascular diseases which are the number one cause of death globally. Since cardiac signals are nonstationary and...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5144723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27957395 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2755 |
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author | Balasubramanian, Karthi Nagaraj, Nithin |
author_facet | Balasubramanian, Karthi Nagaraj, Nithin |
author_sort | Balasubramanian, Karthi |
collection | PubMed |
description | As we age, our hearts undergo changes that result in a reduction in complexity of physiological interactions between different control mechanisms. This results in a potential risk of cardiovascular diseases which are the number one cause of death globally. Since cardiac signals are nonstationary and nonlinear in nature, complexity measures are better suited to handle such data. In this study, three complexity measures are used, namely Lempel–Ziv complexity (LZ), Sample Entropy (SampEn) and Effort-To-Compress (ETC). We determined the minimum length of RR tachogram required for characterizing complexity of healthy young and healthy old hearts. All the three measures indicated significantly lower complexity values for older subjects than younger ones. However, the minimum length of heart-beat interval data needed differs for the three measures, with LZ and ETC needing as low as 10 samples, whereas SampEn requires at least 80 samples. Our study indicates that complexity measures such as LZ and ETC are good candidates for the analysis of cardiovascular dynamics since they are able to work with very short RR tachograms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5144723 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51447232016-12-12 Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms Balasubramanian, Karthi Nagaraj, Nithin PeerJ Computational Biology As we age, our hearts undergo changes that result in a reduction in complexity of physiological interactions between different control mechanisms. This results in a potential risk of cardiovascular diseases which are the number one cause of death globally. Since cardiac signals are nonstationary and nonlinear in nature, complexity measures are better suited to handle such data. In this study, three complexity measures are used, namely Lempel–Ziv complexity (LZ), Sample Entropy (SampEn) and Effort-To-Compress (ETC). We determined the minimum length of RR tachogram required for characterizing complexity of healthy young and healthy old hearts. All the three measures indicated significantly lower complexity values for older subjects than younger ones. However, the minimum length of heart-beat interval data needed differs for the three measures, with LZ and ETC needing as low as 10 samples, whereas SampEn requires at least 80 samples. Our study indicates that complexity measures such as LZ and ETC are good candidates for the analysis of cardiovascular dynamics since they are able to work with very short RR tachograms. PeerJ Inc. 2016-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5144723/ /pubmed/27957395 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2755 Text en ©2016 Balasubramanian and Nagaraj http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Computational Biology Balasubramanian, Karthi Nagaraj, Nithin Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title | Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title_full | Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title_fullStr | Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title_full_unstemmed | Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title_short | Aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of RR tachograms |
title_sort | aging and cardiovascular complexity: effect of the length of rr tachograms |
topic | Computational Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5144723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27957395 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2755 |
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