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Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data

BACKGROUND: Names used in ingredient lists of food products are trivial and in their nature rarely precise. The most recent scientific interpretation of the term bamboo (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) comprises over 1,600 distinct species. In the European Union only few of these exotic species are well know...

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Autores principales: Horn, Thomas, Häser, Annette
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5149056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27957401
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2781
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author Horn, Thomas
Häser, Annette
author_facet Horn, Thomas
Häser, Annette
author_sort Horn, Thomas
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Names used in ingredient lists of food products are trivial and in their nature rarely precise. The most recent scientific interpretation of the term bamboo (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) comprises over 1,600 distinct species. In the European Union only few of these exotic species are well known sources for food ingredients (i.e., bamboo sprouts) and are thus not considered novel foods, which would require safety assessments before marketing of corresponding products. In contrast, the use of bamboo leaves and their taxonomic origin is mostly unclear. However, products containing bamboo leaves are currently marketed. METHODS: We analysed bamboo species and tea products containing bamboo leaves using anatomical leaf characters and DNA sequence data. To reduce taxonomic complexity associated with the term bamboo, we used a phylogenetic framework to trace the origin of DNA from commercially available bamboo leaves within the bambusoid subfamily. For authentication purposes, we introduced a simple PCR based test distinguishing genuine bamboo from other leaf components and assessed the diagnostic potential of rbcL and matK to resolve taxonomic entities within the bamboo subfamily and tribes. RESULTS: Based on anatomical and DNA data we were able to trace the taxonomic origin of bamboo leaves used in products to the genera Phyllostachys and Pseudosasa from the temperate “woody” bamboo tribe (Arundinarieae). Currently available rbcL and matK sequence data allow the character based diagnosis of 80% of represented bamboo genera. We detected adulteration by carnation in four of eight tea products and, after adapting our objectives, could trace the taxonomic origin of the adulterant to Dianthus chinensis (Caryophyllaceae), a well known traditional Chinese medicine with counter indications for pregnant women.
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spelling pubmed-51490562016-12-12 Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data Horn, Thomas Häser, Annette PeerJ Agricultural Science BACKGROUND: Names used in ingredient lists of food products are trivial and in their nature rarely precise. The most recent scientific interpretation of the term bamboo (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) comprises over 1,600 distinct species. In the European Union only few of these exotic species are well known sources for food ingredients (i.e., bamboo sprouts) and are thus not considered novel foods, which would require safety assessments before marketing of corresponding products. In contrast, the use of bamboo leaves and their taxonomic origin is mostly unclear. However, products containing bamboo leaves are currently marketed. METHODS: We analysed bamboo species and tea products containing bamboo leaves using anatomical leaf characters and DNA sequence data. To reduce taxonomic complexity associated with the term bamboo, we used a phylogenetic framework to trace the origin of DNA from commercially available bamboo leaves within the bambusoid subfamily. For authentication purposes, we introduced a simple PCR based test distinguishing genuine bamboo from other leaf components and assessed the diagnostic potential of rbcL and matK to resolve taxonomic entities within the bamboo subfamily and tribes. RESULTS: Based on anatomical and DNA data we were able to trace the taxonomic origin of bamboo leaves used in products to the genera Phyllostachys and Pseudosasa from the temperate “woody” bamboo tribe (Arundinarieae). Currently available rbcL and matK sequence data allow the character based diagnosis of 80% of represented bamboo genera. We detected adulteration by carnation in four of eight tea products and, after adapting our objectives, could trace the taxonomic origin of the adulterant to Dianthus chinensis (Caryophyllaceae), a well known traditional Chinese medicine with counter indications for pregnant women. PeerJ Inc. 2016-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5149056/ /pubmed/27957401 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2781 Text en ©2016 Horn and Häser http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Agricultural Science
Horn, Thomas
Häser, Annette
Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title_full Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title_fullStr Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title_full_unstemmed Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title_short Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data
title_sort bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of dna diagnostics based on rbcl and matk sequence data
topic Agricultural Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5149056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27957401
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2781
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AT haserannette bambooteareductionoftaxonomiccomplexityandapplicationofdnadiagnosticsbasedonrbclandmatksequencedata