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An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision

Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framewor...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sedley, William, Friston, Karl J., Gander, Phillip E., Kumar, Sukhbinder, Griffiths, Timothy D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Applied Science Publishing 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5152595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27871729
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004
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author Sedley, William
Friston, Karl J.
Gander, Phillip E.
Kumar, Sukhbinder
Griffiths, Timothy D.
author_facet Sedley, William
Friston, Karl J.
Gander, Phillip E.
Kumar, Sukhbinder
Griffiths, Timothy D.
author_sort Sedley, William
collection PubMed
description Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framework, based on predictive coding, in which spontaneous activity in the subcortical auditory pathway constitutes a ‘tinnitus precursor’ which is normally ignored as imprecise evidence against the prevailing percept of ‘silence’. Extant models feature as contributory mechanisms acting to increase either the intensity of the precursor or its precision. If precision (i.e., postsynaptic gain) rises sufficiently then tinnitus is perceived. Perpetuation arises through focused attention, which further increases the precision of the precursor, and resetting of the default prediction to expect tinnitus.
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spelling pubmed-51525952016-12-16 An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision Sedley, William Friston, Karl J. Gander, Phillip E. Kumar, Sukhbinder Griffiths, Timothy D. Trends Neurosci Opinion Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framework, based on predictive coding, in which spontaneous activity in the subcortical auditory pathway constitutes a ‘tinnitus precursor’ which is normally ignored as imprecise evidence against the prevailing percept of ‘silence’. Extant models feature as contributory mechanisms acting to increase either the intensity of the precursor or its precision. If precision (i.e., postsynaptic gain) rises sufficiently then tinnitus is perceived. Perpetuation arises through focused attention, which further increases the precision of the precursor, and resetting of the default prediction to expect tinnitus. Elsevier Applied Science Publishing 2016-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5152595/ /pubmed/27871729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004 Text en © 2016 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Opinion
Sedley, William
Friston, Karl J.
Gander, Phillip E.
Kumar, Sukhbinder
Griffiths, Timothy D.
An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title_full An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title_fullStr An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title_full_unstemmed An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title_short An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
title_sort integrative tinnitus model based on sensory precision
topic Opinion
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5152595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27871729
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004
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