Cargando…
An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision
Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framewor...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Applied Science Publishing
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5152595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27871729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004 |
_version_ | 1782474604487376896 |
---|---|
author | Sedley, William Friston, Karl J. Gander, Phillip E. Kumar, Sukhbinder Griffiths, Timothy D. |
author_facet | Sedley, William Friston, Karl J. Gander, Phillip E. Kumar, Sukhbinder Griffiths, Timothy D. |
author_sort | Sedley, William |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framework, based on predictive coding, in which spontaneous activity in the subcortical auditory pathway constitutes a ‘tinnitus precursor’ which is normally ignored as imprecise evidence against the prevailing percept of ‘silence’. Extant models feature as contributory mechanisms acting to increase either the intensity of the precursor or its precision. If precision (i.e., postsynaptic gain) rises sufficiently then tinnitus is perceived. Perpetuation arises through focused attention, which further increases the precision of the precursor, and resetting of the default prediction to expect tinnitus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5152595 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Elsevier Applied Science Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51525952016-12-16 An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision Sedley, William Friston, Karl J. Gander, Phillip E. Kumar, Sukhbinder Griffiths, Timothy D. Trends Neurosci Opinion Tinnitus is a common disorder that often complicates hearing loss. Its mechanisms are incompletely understood. Current theories proposing pathophysiology from the ear to the cortex cannot individually – or collectively – explain the range of experimental evidence available. We propose a new framework, based on predictive coding, in which spontaneous activity in the subcortical auditory pathway constitutes a ‘tinnitus precursor’ which is normally ignored as imprecise evidence against the prevailing percept of ‘silence’. Extant models feature as contributory mechanisms acting to increase either the intensity of the precursor or its precision. If precision (i.e., postsynaptic gain) rises sufficiently then tinnitus is perceived. Perpetuation arises through focused attention, which further increases the precision of the precursor, and resetting of the default prediction to expect tinnitus. Elsevier Applied Science Publishing 2016-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5152595/ /pubmed/27871729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004 Text en © 2016 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Opinion Sedley, William Friston, Karl J. Gander, Phillip E. Kumar, Sukhbinder Griffiths, Timothy D. An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title | An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title_full | An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title_fullStr | An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title_full_unstemmed | An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title_short | An Integrative Tinnitus Model Based on Sensory Precision |
title_sort | integrative tinnitus model based on sensory precision |
topic | Opinion |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5152595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27871729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.004 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sedleywilliam anintegrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT fristonkarlj anintegrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT ganderphillipe anintegrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT kumarsukhbinder anintegrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT griffithstimothyd anintegrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT sedleywilliam integrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT fristonkarlj integrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT ganderphillipe integrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT kumarsukhbinder integrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision AT griffithstimothyd integrativetinnitusmodelbasedonsensoryprecision |