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Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish

The conspicuous striped coloration of zebrafish is produced by cell-cell interactions among three different types of chromatophores: black melanophores, orange/yellow xanthophores and silvery/blue iridophores. During color pattern formation xanthophores undergo dramatic cell shape transitions and ac...

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Autores principales: Mahalwar, Prateek, Singh, Ajeet Pratap, Fadeev, Andrey, Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane, Irion, Uwe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Company of Biologists Ltd 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5155543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27742608
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.022251
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author Mahalwar, Prateek
Singh, Ajeet Pratap
Fadeev, Andrey
Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane
Irion, Uwe
author_facet Mahalwar, Prateek
Singh, Ajeet Pratap
Fadeev, Andrey
Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane
Irion, Uwe
author_sort Mahalwar, Prateek
collection PubMed
description The conspicuous striped coloration of zebrafish is produced by cell-cell interactions among three different types of chromatophores: black melanophores, orange/yellow xanthophores and silvery/blue iridophores. During color pattern formation xanthophores undergo dramatic cell shape transitions and acquire different densities, leading to compact and orange xanthophores at high density in the light stripes, and stellate, faintly pigmented xanthophores at low density in the dark stripes. Here, we investigate the mechanistic basis of these cell behaviors in vivo, and show that local, heterotypic interactions with dense iridophores regulate xanthophore cell shape transition and density. Genetic analysis reveals a cell-autonomous requirement of gap junctions composed of Cx41.8 and Cx39.4 in xanthophores for their iridophore-dependent cell shape transition and increase in density in light-stripe regions. Initial melanophore-xanthophore interactions are independent of these gap junctions; however, subsequently they are also required to induce the acquisition of stellate shapes in xanthophores of the dark stripes. In summary, we conclude that, whereas homotypic interactions regulate xanthophore coverage in the skin, their cell shape transitions and density is regulated by gap junction-mediated, heterotypic interactions with iridophores and melanophores.
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spelling pubmed-51555432016-12-16 Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish Mahalwar, Prateek Singh, Ajeet Pratap Fadeev, Andrey Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane Irion, Uwe Biol Open Research Article The conspicuous striped coloration of zebrafish is produced by cell-cell interactions among three different types of chromatophores: black melanophores, orange/yellow xanthophores and silvery/blue iridophores. During color pattern formation xanthophores undergo dramatic cell shape transitions and acquire different densities, leading to compact and orange xanthophores at high density in the light stripes, and stellate, faintly pigmented xanthophores at low density in the dark stripes. Here, we investigate the mechanistic basis of these cell behaviors in vivo, and show that local, heterotypic interactions with dense iridophores regulate xanthophore cell shape transition and density. Genetic analysis reveals a cell-autonomous requirement of gap junctions composed of Cx41.8 and Cx39.4 in xanthophores for their iridophore-dependent cell shape transition and increase in density in light-stripe regions. Initial melanophore-xanthophore interactions are independent of these gap junctions; however, subsequently they are also required to induce the acquisition of stellate shapes in xanthophores of the dark stripes. In summary, we conclude that, whereas homotypic interactions regulate xanthophore coverage in the skin, their cell shape transitions and density is regulated by gap junction-mediated, heterotypic interactions with iridophores and melanophores. The Company of Biologists Ltd 2016-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5155543/ /pubmed/27742608 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.022251 Text en © 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mahalwar, Prateek
Singh, Ajeet Pratap
Fadeev, Andrey
Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane
Irion, Uwe
Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title_full Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title_fullStr Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title_full_unstemmed Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title_short Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
title_sort heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5155543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27742608
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.022251
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