Cargando…
In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.)
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four fertilizer applications—control (C), chemical fertilizer (F), compost (O), and in situ earthworm breeding (E)—on the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.). In this study, 5 g plant(−1) urea (CH(4)N(2)O, %N = 46.3%) and 100 g p...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5162396/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27994969 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2752 |
_version_ | 1782482238973149184 |
---|---|
author | Xiang, Huimin Zhang, Jia-en Guo, Lei Zhao, Benliang |
author_facet | Xiang, Huimin Zhang, Jia-en Guo, Lei Zhao, Benliang |
author_sort | Xiang, Huimin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four fertilizer applications—control (C), chemical fertilizer (F), compost (O), and in situ earthworm breeding (E)—on the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.). In this study, 5 g plant(−1) urea (CH(4)N(2)O, %N = 46.3%) and 100 g plant(−1) microelement fertilizer was applied to each treatment. The fertilizer applications of these four treatments are different from each other. The results showed that the E treatment had the highest growth parameters over the whole growth period. At 127 days after transplantation, the order of plant heights from greatest to smallest was E > F > O > C, and the stem diameters were E > F > O > C, with significant differences between all treatments. Soluble-solid, sugar, vitamin C, and protein content significantly increased in the E treatment. In addition, the total acid and the electrical conductivity of the fruit significantly decreased in the E treatment. Fruit firmness clearly increased in the O treatment, and decreased in the F treatment. The fresh individual fruit weights, fruit numbers, and total yields were greatly improved in the F and E treatments, and the total yield of the E treatment was higher than that in the F treatment. In conclusion, the in situ earthworm breeding treatment performed better than conventional compost and chemical fertilizer treatments. Furthermore, in situ earthworm breeding may be a potential organic fertilizer application in orchards because it not only improves the fruit quality and yield but also reduces the amount of organic wastes from agriculture as a result of the activities of earthworms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5162396 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51623962016-12-19 In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) Xiang, Huimin Zhang, Jia-en Guo, Lei Zhao, Benliang PeerJ Agricultural Science The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four fertilizer applications—control (C), chemical fertilizer (F), compost (O), and in situ earthworm breeding (E)—on the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.). In this study, 5 g plant(−1) urea (CH(4)N(2)O, %N = 46.3%) and 100 g plant(−1) microelement fertilizer was applied to each treatment. The fertilizer applications of these four treatments are different from each other. The results showed that the E treatment had the highest growth parameters over the whole growth period. At 127 days after transplantation, the order of plant heights from greatest to smallest was E > F > O > C, and the stem diameters were E > F > O > C, with significant differences between all treatments. Soluble-solid, sugar, vitamin C, and protein content significantly increased in the E treatment. In addition, the total acid and the electrical conductivity of the fruit significantly decreased in the E treatment. Fruit firmness clearly increased in the O treatment, and decreased in the F treatment. The fresh individual fruit weights, fruit numbers, and total yields were greatly improved in the F and E treatments, and the total yield of the E treatment was higher than that in the F treatment. In conclusion, the in situ earthworm breeding treatment performed better than conventional compost and chemical fertilizer treatments. Furthermore, in situ earthworm breeding may be a potential organic fertilizer application in orchards because it not only improves the fruit quality and yield but also reduces the amount of organic wastes from agriculture as a result of the activities of earthworms. PeerJ Inc. 2016-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5162396/ /pubmed/27994969 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2752 Text en ©2016 Xiang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Agricultural Science Xiang, Huimin Zhang, Jia-en Guo, Lei Zhao, Benliang In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title | In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title_full | In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title_fullStr | In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title_full_unstemmed | In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title_short | In situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) |
title_sort | in situ earthworm breeding in orchards significantly improves the growth, quality and yield of papaya (carica papaya l.) |
topic | Agricultural Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5162396/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27994969 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2752 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT xianghuimin insituearthwormbreedinginorchardssignificantlyimprovesthegrowthqualityandyieldofpapayacaricapapayal AT zhangjiaen insituearthwormbreedinginorchardssignificantlyimprovesthegrowthqualityandyieldofpapayacaricapapayal AT guolei insituearthwormbreedinginorchardssignificantlyimprovesthegrowthqualityandyieldofpapayacaricapapayal AT zhaobenliang insituearthwormbreedinginorchardssignificantlyimprovesthegrowthqualityandyieldofpapayacaricapapayal |