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Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

INTRODUCTION: Recent evidence suggests that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a range of brain functional connectivity abnormalities, with one of the most prominent being reduced inhibition of the default mode network (DMN) while performing a cognitive task. In this...

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Autores principales: Silberstein, Richard B., Pipingas, Andrew, Farrow, Maree, Levy, Florence, Stough, Con K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5167011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28032005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.582
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author Silberstein, Richard B.
Pipingas, Andrew
Farrow, Maree
Levy, Florence
Stough, Con K.
author_facet Silberstein, Richard B.
Pipingas, Andrew
Farrow, Maree
Levy, Florence
Stough, Con K.
author_sort Silberstein, Richard B.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Recent evidence suggests that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a range of brain functional connectivity abnormalities, with one of the most prominent being reduced inhibition of the default mode network (DMN) while performing a cognitive task. In this study, we examine the effects of a methylphenidate dose on brain functional connectivity in boys diagnosed with ADHD while they performed a cognitive task. METHOD: Brain functional connectivity was estimated using steady‐state visual evoked potential partial coherence before and 90 min after the administration of a methylphenidate dose to 42 stimulant drug‐naïve boys newly diagnosed with ADHD while they performed the A‐X version of the continuous performance task (CPT A‐X). RESULTS: Methylphenidate robustly reversed the transient functional connectivity increase in the A‐X interval seen premedication to a postmedication decrease during this interval. In addition, methylphenidate‐induced reductions in individual reaction time were correlated with corresponding reductions in functional connectivity. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that methylphenidate suppresses the increased functional connectivity observed in ADHD and that such suppression is associated with improved performance. Our findings support the suggestion that the increased functional connectivity we have observed in ADHD is associated with abnormal DMN activity. In addition, we comment on the significance of specific frequency channels mediating top‐down communication within the cortex and the extent to which our findings are selectively sensitive to top‐down intracortical communication.
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spelling pubmed-51670112016-12-28 Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Silberstein, Richard B. Pipingas, Andrew Farrow, Maree Levy, Florence Stough, Con K. Brain Behav Original Research INTRODUCTION: Recent evidence suggests that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a range of brain functional connectivity abnormalities, with one of the most prominent being reduced inhibition of the default mode network (DMN) while performing a cognitive task. In this study, we examine the effects of a methylphenidate dose on brain functional connectivity in boys diagnosed with ADHD while they performed a cognitive task. METHOD: Brain functional connectivity was estimated using steady‐state visual evoked potential partial coherence before and 90 min after the administration of a methylphenidate dose to 42 stimulant drug‐naïve boys newly diagnosed with ADHD while they performed the A‐X version of the continuous performance task (CPT A‐X). RESULTS: Methylphenidate robustly reversed the transient functional connectivity increase in the A‐X interval seen premedication to a postmedication decrease during this interval. In addition, methylphenidate‐induced reductions in individual reaction time were correlated with corresponding reductions in functional connectivity. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that methylphenidate suppresses the increased functional connectivity observed in ADHD and that such suppression is associated with improved performance. Our findings support the suggestion that the increased functional connectivity we have observed in ADHD is associated with abnormal DMN activity. In addition, we comment on the significance of specific frequency channels mediating top‐down communication within the cortex and the extent to which our findings are selectively sensitive to top‐down intracortical communication. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5167011/ /pubmed/28032005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.582 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Silberstein, Richard B.
Pipingas, Andrew
Farrow, Maree
Levy, Florence
Stough, Con K.
Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_fullStr Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full_unstemmed Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_short Dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_sort dopaminergic modulation of default mode network brain functional connectivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5167011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28032005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.582
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