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Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
Competition between individuals belonging to the same species is a universal feature of natural populations and is the process underpinning organismal adaptation. Despite its importance, still comparatively little is known about the genetic variation responsible for competitive traits. Here, we meas...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5167028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031798 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2552 |
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author | Horváth, Barbara Kalinka, Alex T. |
author_facet | Horváth, Barbara Kalinka, Alex T. |
author_sort | Horváth, Barbara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Competition between individuals belonging to the same species is a universal feature of natural populations and is the process underpinning organismal adaptation. Despite its importance, still comparatively little is known about the genetic variation responsible for competitive traits. Here, we measured the phenotypic variation and quantitative genetics parameters for two fitness‐related traits—egg‐to‐adult viability and development time—across a panel of Drosophila strains under varying larval densities. Both traits exhibited substantial genetic variation at all larval densities, as well as significant genotype‐by‐environment interactions (GEIs). GEI was attributable to changes in the rank order of reaction norms for both traits, and additionally to differences in the between‐line variance for development time. The coefficient of genetic variation increased under stress conditions for development time, while it was higher at both high and low densities for viability. While development time also correlated negatively with fitness at high larval densities—meaning that fast developers have high fitness—there was no correlation with fitness at low density. This result suggests that GEI may be a common feature of fitness‐related genetic variation and, further, that trait values under noncompetitive conditions could be poor indicators of individual fitness. The latter point could have significant implications for animal and plant breeding programs, as well as for conservation genetics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5167028 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51670282016-12-28 Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster Horváth, Barbara Kalinka, Alex T. Ecol Evol Original Research Competition between individuals belonging to the same species is a universal feature of natural populations and is the process underpinning organismal adaptation. Despite its importance, still comparatively little is known about the genetic variation responsible for competitive traits. Here, we measured the phenotypic variation and quantitative genetics parameters for two fitness‐related traits—egg‐to‐adult viability and development time—across a panel of Drosophila strains under varying larval densities. Both traits exhibited substantial genetic variation at all larval densities, as well as significant genotype‐by‐environment interactions (GEIs). GEI was attributable to changes in the rank order of reaction norms for both traits, and additionally to differences in the between‐line variance for development time. The coefficient of genetic variation increased under stress conditions for development time, while it was higher at both high and low densities for viability. While development time also correlated negatively with fitness at high larval densities—meaning that fast developers have high fitness—there was no correlation with fitness at low density. This result suggests that GEI may be a common feature of fitness‐related genetic variation and, further, that trait values under noncompetitive conditions could be poor indicators of individual fitness. The latter point could have significant implications for animal and plant breeding programs, as well as for conservation genetics. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5167028/ /pubmed/28031798 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2552 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Horváth, Barbara Kalinka, Alex T. Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster |
title | Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
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title_full | Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
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title_fullStr | Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
|
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
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title_short | Effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in Drosophila melanogaster
|
title_sort | effects of larval crowding on quantitative variation for development time and viability in drosophila melanogaster |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5167028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031798 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2552 |
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