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Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome

The vertebrate dermal skeleton has long been interpreted to have evolved from a primitive condition exemplified by chondrichthyans. However, chondrichthyans and osteichthyans evolved from an ancestral gnathostome stem‐lineage in which the dermal skeleton was more extensively developed. To elucidate...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Giles, Sam, Rücklin, Martin, Donoghue, Philip C.J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5176033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23378262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20119
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author Giles, Sam
Rücklin, Martin
Donoghue, Philip C.J.
author_facet Giles, Sam
Rücklin, Martin
Donoghue, Philip C.J.
author_sort Giles, Sam
collection PubMed
description The vertebrate dermal skeleton has long been interpreted to have evolved from a primitive condition exemplified by chondrichthyans. However, chondrichthyans and osteichthyans evolved from an ancestral gnathostome stem‐lineage in which the dermal skeleton was more extensively developed. To elucidate the histology and skeletal structure of the gnathostome crown‐ancestor we conducted a histological survey of the diversity of the dermal skeleton among the placoderms, a diverse clade or grade of early jawed vertebrates. The dermal skeleton of all placoderms is composed largely of a cancellar architecture of cellular dermal bone, surmounted by dermal tubercles in the most ancestral clades, including antiarchs. Acanthothoracids retain an ancestral condition for the dermal skeleton, and we record its secondary reduction in antiarchs. We also find that mechanisms for remodeling bone and facilitating different growth rates between adjoining plates are widespread throughout the placoderms. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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spelling pubmed-51760332017-01-05 Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome Giles, Sam Rücklin, Martin Donoghue, Philip C.J. J Morphol Research Articles The vertebrate dermal skeleton has long been interpreted to have evolved from a primitive condition exemplified by chondrichthyans. However, chondrichthyans and osteichthyans evolved from an ancestral gnathostome stem‐lineage in which the dermal skeleton was more extensively developed. To elucidate the histology and skeletal structure of the gnathostome crown‐ancestor we conducted a histological survey of the diversity of the dermal skeleton among the placoderms, a diverse clade or grade of early jawed vertebrates. The dermal skeleton of all placoderms is composed largely of a cancellar architecture of cellular dermal bone, surmounted by dermal tubercles in the most ancestral clades, including antiarchs. Acanthothoracids retain an ancestral condition for the dermal skeleton, and we record its secondary reduction in antiarchs. We also find that mechanisms for remodeling bone and facilitating different growth rates between adjoining plates are widespread throughout the placoderms. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013-06 2013-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5176033/ /pubmed/23378262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20119 Text en Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Morphology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Giles, Sam
Rücklin, Martin
Donoghue, Philip C.J.
Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title_full Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title_fullStr Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title_full_unstemmed Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title_short Histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: Implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
title_sort histology of “placoderm” dermal skeletons: implications for the nature of the ancestral gnathostome
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5176033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23378262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20119
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