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Association between clinical variables related to asthma in schoolchildren born with very low birth weight with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, spirometry findings and risk factors for asthma in schoolchildren who were very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS: Observational and cross-sectional study. The parents and/or tutors answered the International Study of A...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gonçalves, Emília da Silva, Mezzacappa-Filho, Francisco, Severino, Silvana Dalge, Ribeiro, Maria Ângela Gonçalves de Oliveira, Marson, Fernando Augusto de Lima, Morcilo, Andre Moreno, Toro, Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera, Ribeiro, José Dirceu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5178111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26987782
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2016.03.005
Descripción
Sumario:OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, spirometry findings and risk factors for asthma in schoolchildren who were very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS: Observational and cross-sectional study. The parents and/or tutors answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The schoolchildren were submitted to the skin prick test and spirometry assessment. RESULTS: 54 schoolchildren who were very low birth weight infants were assessed and 43 met the criteria for spirometry. Age at the assessment (bronchopulmonary dysplasia=9.5±0.85; without bronchopulmonary dysplasia=10.1±0.86 years) and birth weight (bronchopulmonary dysplasia=916.7±251.2; without bronchopulmonary dysplasia=1171.3±190.5g) were lower in the group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p<0.05). The prevalence of asthma among very low birth weight infants was 17/54 (31.5%), being 6/18 (33.3%) in the group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. There was an association between wool blanket use in the first year of life (p=0.026) with the presence of asthma at school age. The skin prick test was positive in 13/17 (76.5%) and 23/37 (62.2%) of patients with and without asthma, respectively. The schoolchildren with asthma had lower z-score values of forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (n=16;−1.04±1.19) when compared to the group of patients without asthma (n=27;−0.380.93) (p=0.049). There was no difference between the spirometry variables in the groups regarding the presence or absence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia showed a high prevalence of asthma (33.3% and 30.6%, respectively). Pulmonary flow in the small airways was lower in children with asthma.