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Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) small colony variants (SCVs) can survive within the host intracellular milieu and are associated with chronic relapsing infections. However, it is unknown whether host invasion rates and immune responses differ between SCVs and their wild-type counterpar...

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Autores principales: Ou, Judy J. J., Drilling, Amanda J., Cooksley, Clare, Bassiouni, Ahmed, Kidd, Stephen P., Psaltis, Alkis J., Wormald, Peter J., Vreugde, Sarah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5183720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28083514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00187
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author Ou, Judy J. J.
Drilling, Amanda J.
Cooksley, Clare
Bassiouni, Ahmed
Kidd, Stephen P.
Psaltis, Alkis J.
Wormald, Peter J.
Vreugde, Sarah
author_facet Ou, Judy J. J.
Drilling, Amanda J.
Cooksley, Clare
Bassiouni, Ahmed
Kidd, Stephen P.
Psaltis, Alkis J.
Wormald, Peter J.
Vreugde, Sarah
author_sort Ou, Judy J. J.
collection PubMed
description Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) small colony variants (SCVs) can survive within the host intracellular milieu and are associated with chronic relapsing infections. However, it is unknown whether host invasion rates and immune responses differ between SCVs and their wild-type counterparts. This study used a stable S. aureus SCV (WCH-SK2(SCV)) developed from a clinical isolate (WCH-SK2(WT)) in inflammation-relevant conditions. Intracellular infection rates as well as host immune responses to WCH-SK2(WT) and WCH-SK2(SCV) infections were investigated. Method: NuLi-1 cells were infected with either WCH-SK2(WT) or WCH-SK2(SCV), and the intracellular infection rate was determined over time. mRNA expression of cells infected with each strain intra- and extra-cellularly was analyzed using a microfluidic qPCR array to generate an expression profile of thirty-nine genes involved in the host immune response. Results: No difference was found in the intracellular infection rate between WCH-SK2(WT) and WCH-SK2(SCV). Whereas, extracellular infection induced a robust pro-inflammatory response, intracellular infection elicited a modest response. Intracellular WCH-SK2(WT) infection induced mRNA expression of TLR2, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6, and IL12) and tissue remodeling factors (MMP9). In contrast, intracellular WCH-SK2(SCV) infection induced up regulation of only TLR2. Conclusions: Whereas, host intracellular infection rates of WCH-SK2(SCV) and WCH-SK2(WT) were similar, WCH-SK2(SCV) intracellular infection induced a less widespread up regulation of pro-inflammatory and tissue remodeling factors in comparison to intracellular WCH-SK2(WT) infection. These findings support the current view that SCVs are able to evade host immune detection to allow their own survival.
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spelling pubmed-51837202017-01-12 Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain Ou, Judy J. J. Drilling, Amanda J. Cooksley, Clare Bassiouni, Ahmed Kidd, Stephen P. Psaltis, Alkis J. Wormald, Peter J. Vreugde, Sarah Front Cell Infect Microbiol Microbiology Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) small colony variants (SCVs) can survive within the host intracellular milieu and are associated with chronic relapsing infections. However, it is unknown whether host invasion rates and immune responses differ between SCVs and their wild-type counterparts. This study used a stable S. aureus SCV (WCH-SK2(SCV)) developed from a clinical isolate (WCH-SK2(WT)) in inflammation-relevant conditions. Intracellular infection rates as well as host immune responses to WCH-SK2(WT) and WCH-SK2(SCV) infections were investigated. Method: NuLi-1 cells were infected with either WCH-SK2(WT) or WCH-SK2(SCV), and the intracellular infection rate was determined over time. mRNA expression of cells infected with each strain intra- and extra-cellularly was analyzed using a microfluidic qPCR array to generate an expression profile of thirty-nine genes involved in the host immune response. Results: No difference was found in the intracellular infection rate between WCH-SK2(WT) and WCH-SK2(SCV). Whereas, extracellular infection induced a robust pro-inflammatory response, intracellular infection elicited a modest response. Intracellular WCH-SK2(WT) infection induced mRNA expression of TLR2, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6, and IL12) and tissue remodeling factors (MMP9). In contrast, intracellular WCH-SK2(SCV) infection induced up regulation of only TLR2. Conclusions: Whereas, host intracellular infection rates of WCH-SK2(SCV) and WCH-SK2(WT) were similar, WCH-SK2(SCV) intracellular infection induced a less widespread up regulation of pro-inflammatory and tissue remodeling factors in comparison to intracellular WCH-SK2(WT) infection. These findings support the current view that SCVs are able to evade host immune detection to allow their own survival. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5183720/ /pubmed/28083514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00187 Text en Copyright © 2016 Ou, Drilling, Cooksley, Bassiouni, Kidd, Psaltis, Wormald and Vreugde. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Ou, Judy J. J.
Drilling, Amanda J.
Cooksley, Clare
Bassiouni, Ahmed
Kidd, Stephen P.
Psaltis, Alkis J.
Wormald, Peter J.
Vreugde, Sarah
Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title_full Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title_fullStr Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title_full_unstemmed Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title_short Reduced Innate Immune Response to a Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant Compared to Its Wild-Type Parent Strain
title_sort reduced innate immune response to a staphylococcus aureus small colony variant compared to its wild-type parent strain
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5183720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28083514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00187
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