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Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases

Posttranslational modifications are an important feature of most proteases in higher organisms, such as the conversion of inactive zymogens into active proteases. To date, little information is available on the role of glycosylation and functional implications for secreted proteases. Besides a stabi...

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Autor principal: Goettig, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27898009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17121969
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author Goettig, Peter
author_facet Goettig, Peter
author_sort Goettig, Peter
collection PubMed
description Posttranslational modifications are an important feature of most proteases in higher organisms, such as the conversion of inactive zymogens into active proteases. To date, little information is available on the role of glycosylation and functional implications for secreted proteases. Besides a stabilizing effect and protection against proteolysis, several proteases show a significant influence of glycosylation on the catalytic activity. Glycans can alter the substrate recognition, the specificity and binding affinity, as well as the turnover rates. However, there is currently no known general pattern, since glycosylation can have both stimulating and inhibiting effects on activity. Thus, a comparative analysis of individual cases with sufficient enzyme kinetic and structural data is a first approach to describe mechanistic principles that govern the effects of glycosylation on the function of proteases. The understanding of glycan functions becomes highly significant in proteomic and glycomic studies, which demonstrated that cancer-associated proteases, such as kallikrein-related peptidase 3, exhibit strongly altered glycosylation patterns in pathological cases. Such findings can contribute to a variety of future biomedical applications.
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spelling pubmed-51877692016-12-30 Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases Goettig, Peter Int J Mol Sci Review Posttranslational modifications are an important feature of most proteases in higher organisms, such as the conversion of inactive zymogens into active proteases. To date, little information is available on the role of glycosylation and functional implications for secreted proteases. Besides a stabilizing effect and protection against proteolysis, several proteases show a significant influence of glycosylation on the catalytic activity. Glycans can alter the substrate recognition, the specificity and binding affinity, as well as the turnover rates. However, there is currently no known general pattern, since glycosylation can have both stimulating and inhibiting effects on activity. Thus, a comparative analysis of individual cases with sufficient enzyme kinetic and structural data is a first approach to describe mechanistic principles that govern the effects of glycosylation on the function of proteases. The understanding of glycan functions becomes highly significant in proteomic and glycomic studies, which demonstrated that cancer-associated proteases, such as kallikrein-related peptidase 3, exhibit strongly altered glycosylation patterns in pathological cases. Such findings can contribute to a variety of future biomedical applications. MDPI 2016-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5187769/ /pubmed/27898009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17121969 Text en © 2016 by the author; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Goettig, Peter
Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title_full Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title_fullStr Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title_short Effects of Glycosylation on the Enzymatic Activity and Mechanisms of Proteases
title_sort effects of glycosylation on the enzymatic activity and mechanisms of proteases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27898009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17121969
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