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The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of changing the distance of the penalty shot in water polo from 4 to 5 m. While a shorter distance made the penalty shot more effective, it also reduced the use of this sanction. A total of 192 matches played in the 2003 and 2007 Water Polo World Ch...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
De Gruyter Open
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187966/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0041 |
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author | Argudo, Francisco Manuel Ruiz-Barquín, Roberto José Borges, Pablo |
author_facet | Argudo, Francisco Manuel Ruiz-Barquín, Roberto José Borges, Pablo |
author_sort | Argudo, Francisco Manuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to determine the effects of changing the distance of the penalty shot in water polo from 4 to 5 m. While a shorter distance made the penalty shot more effective, it also reduced the use of this sanction. A total of 192 matches played in the 2003 and 2007 Water Polo World Championships were recorded. The sample included 278 penalty shots in both tournaments. Notational analysis using a longitudinal correlational and descriptive design was employed to determine whether a longer distance increased the number of sanctioned penalties (81 vs 197) and caused a non-significant decrease in scoring efficiency (7.4%) with significant differences in the relationship between the area and the type of a shot, with less centre and power shots (14.8% vs 7.1%) observed and predominance of bounce shots to the right of the goal posts. The rule change prompted more penalties, produced changes in shot direction as well as the type of a shot, and yielded a decrement of 7.4% in scoring efficiency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5187966 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | De Gruyter Open |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51879662016-12-28 The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo Argudo, Francisco Manuel Ruiz-Barquín, Roberto José Borges, Pablo J Hum Kinet Section III – Sports Training The aim of this study was to determine the effects of changing the distance of the penalty shot in water polo from 4 to 5 m. While a shorter distance made the penalty shot more effective, it also reduced the use of this sanction. A total of 192 matches played in the 2003 and 2007 Water Polo World Championships were recorded. The sample included 278 penalty shots in both tournaments. Notational analysis using a longitudinal correlational and descriptive design was employed to determine whether a longer distance increased the number of sanctioned penalties (81 vs 197) and caused a non-significant decrease in scoring efficiency (7.4%) with significant differences in the relationship between the area and the type of a shot, with less centre and power shots (14.8% vs 7.1%) observed and predominance of bounce shots to the right of the goal posts. The rule change prompted more penalties, produced changes in shot direction as well as the type of a shot, and yielded a decrement of 7.4% in scoring efficiency. De Gruyter Open 2016-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5187966/ /pubmed/28031764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0041 Text en © 2016 Editorial Committee of Journal of Human Kinetics |
spellingShingle | Section III – Sports Training Argudo, Francisco Manuel Ruiz-Barquín, Roberto José Borges, Pablo The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title | The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title_full | The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title_short | The Effects of Modifying the Distance of the Penalty Shot in Water Polo |
title_sort | effects of modifying the distance of the penalty shot in water polo |
topic | Section III – Sports Training |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187966/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0041 |
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