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Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections

Due to the global prevalence of Chlamydiae, exploring studies of diverse antichlamydial compounds is important in the development of effective treatment strategies and global infectious disease management. Chlamydiaceae is the most widely known bacterial family of the Chlamydiae order. Among the spe...

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Autores principales: Brown, Mika A., Potroz, Michael G., Teh, Seoh-Wei, Cho, Nam-Joon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27754466
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms4040039
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author Brown, Mika A.
Potroz, Michael G.
Teh, Seoh-Wei
Cho, Nam-Joon
author_facet Brown, Mika A.
Potroz, Michael G.
Teh, Seoh-Wei
Cho, Nam-Joon
author_sort Brown, Mika A.
collection PubMed
description Due to the global prevalence of Chlamydiae, exploring studies of diverse antichlamydial compounds is important in the development of effective treatment strategies and global infectious disease management. Chlamydiaceae is the most widely known bacterial family of the Chlamydiae order. Among the species in the family Chlamydiaceae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae cause common human diseases, while Chlamydia abortus, Chlamydia psittaci, and Chlamydia suis represent zoonotic threats or are endemic in human food sources. Although chlamydial infections are currently manageable in human populations, chlamydial infections in livestock are endemic and there is significant difficulty achieving effective treatment. To combat the spread of Chlamydiaceae in humans and other hosts, improved methods for treatment and prevention of infection are needed. There exist various studies exploring the potential of natural products for developing new antichlamydial treatment modalities. Polyphenolic compounds can inhibit chlamydial growth by membrane disruption, reestablishment of host cell apoptosis, or improving host immune system detection. Fatty acids, monoglycerides, and lipids can disrupt the cell membranes of infective chlamydial elementary bodies (EBs). Peptides can disrupt the cell membranes of chlamydial EBs, and transferrins can inhibit chlamydial EBs from attachment to and permeation through the membranes of host cells. Cellular metabolites and probiotic bacteria can inhibit chlamydial infection by modulating host immune responses and directly inhibiting chlamydial growth. Finally, early stage clinical trials indicate that polyherbal formulations can be effective in treating chlamydial infections. Herein, we review an important body of literature in the field of antichlamydial research.
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spelling pubmed-51925222017-01-03 Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections Brown, Mika A. Potroz, Michael G. Teh, Seoh-Wei Cho, Nam-Joon Microorganisms Review Due to the global prevalence of Chlamydiae, exploring studies of diverse antichlamydial compounds is important in the development of effective treatment strategies and global infectious disease management. Chlamydiaceae is the most widely known bacterial family of the Chlamydiae order. Among the species in the family Chlamydiaceae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae cause common human diseases, while Chlamydia abortus, Chlamydia psittaci, and Chlamydia suis represent zoonotic threats or are endemic in human food sources. Although chlamydial infections are currently manageable in human populations, chlamydial infections in livestock are endemic and there is significant difficulty achieving effective treatment. To combat the spread of Chlamydiaceae in humans and other hosts, improved methods for treatment and prevention of infection are needed. There exist various studies exploring the potential of natural products for developing new antichlamydial treatment modalities. Polyphenolic compounds can inhibit chlamydial growth by membrane disruption, reestablishment of host cell apoptosis, or improving host immune system detection. Fatty acids, monoglycerides, and lipids can disrupt the cell membranes of infective chlamydial elementary bodies (EBs). Peptides can disrupt the cell membranes of chlamydial EBs, and transferrins can inhibit chlamydial EBs from attachment to and permeation through the membranes of host cells. Cellular metabolites and probiotic bacteria can inhibit chlamydial infection by modulating host immune responses and directly inhibiting chlamydial growth. Finally, early stage clinical trials indicate that polyherbal formulations can be effective in treating chlamydial infections. Herein, we review an important body of literature in the field of antichlamydial research. MDPI 2016-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5192522/ /pubmed/27754466 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms4040039 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Brown, Mika A.
Potroz, Michael G.
Teh, Seoh-Wei
Cho, Nam-Joon
Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title_full Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title_fullStr Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title_full_unstemmed Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title_short Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections
title_sort natural products for the treatment of chlamydiaceae infections
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27754466
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms4040039
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