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Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy

Cancer forms exhibiting poor prognosis have been extensively researched for therapeutic solutions. One of the conventional modes of treatment, chemotherapy shows inadequacy in its methodology due to imminent side-effects and acquired drug-resistance by cancer cells. However, advancements in nanotech...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gad, Aniket, Kydd, Janel, Piel, Brandon, Rai, Prakash
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5193385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28042613
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author Gad, Aniket
Kydd, Janel
Piel, Brandon
Rai, Prakash
author_facet Gad, Aniket
Kydd, Janel
Piel, Brandon
Rai, Prakash
author_sort Gad, Aniket
collection PubMed
description Cancer forms exhibiting poor prognosis have been extensively researched for therapeutic solutions. One of the conventional modes of treatment, chemotherapy shows inadequacy in its methodology due to imminent side-effects and acquired drug-resistance by cancer cells. However, advancements in nanotechnology have opened new frontiers to significantly alleviate collateral damage caused by current treatments via innovative delivery techniques, eliminating pitfalls encountered in conventional treatments. Properties like reduced drug-clearance and increased dose efficacy by the enhanced permeability and retention effect deem nanoparticles suitable for this application. Optimization of size, surface charge and surface modifications have provided nanoparticles with stealth properties capable of evading immune responses, thus deeming them as excellent carriers of chemotherapeutic agents. Biocompatible and biodegradable forms of polymers enhance the bioavailability of chemotherapeutic agents, and permit a sustained and time-dependent release of drugs which is a characteristic of their composition, thereby providing a controlled therapeutic approach. Studies conducted in vitro and animal models have also demonstrated a synergism in cytotoxicity given the mechanism of action of anticancer drugs when administered in combination providing promising results. Combination therapy has also shown implications in overcoming multiple-drug resistance, which can however be subdued by the adaptable nature of tumor microenvironment. Surface modifications with targeting moieties can therefore feasibly increase nanoparticle uptake by specific receptor-ligand interactions, increasing dose efficacy which can seemingly overcome drug-resistance. This article reviews recent trends and investigations in employing polymeric nanoparticles for effectively delivering combination chemotherapy, and modifications in delivery parameters enhancing dose efficacy, thus validating the potential in this approach for anticancer treatment.
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spelling pubmed-51933852016-12-28 Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy Gad, Aniket Kydd, Janel Piel, Brandon Rai, Prakash Int J Nanomed Nanosurg Article Cancer forms exhibiting poor prognosis have been extensively researched for therapeutic solutions. One of the conventional modes of treatment, chemotherapy shows inadequacy in its methodology due to imminent side-effects and acquired drug-resistance by cancer cells. However, advancements in nanotechnology have opened new frontiers to significantly alleviate collateral damage caused by current treatments via innovative delivery techniques, eliminating pitfalls encountered in conventional treatments. Properties like reduced drug-clearance and increased dose efficacy by the enhanced permeability and retention effect deem nanoparticles suitable for this application. Optimization of size, surface charge and surface modifications have provided nanoparticles with stealth properties capable of evading immune responses, thus deeming them as excellent carriers of chemotherapeutic agents. Biocompatible and biodegradable forms of polymers enhance the bioavailability of chemotherapeutic agents, and permit a sustained and time-dependent release of drugs which is a characteristic of their composition, thereby providing a controlled therapeutic approach. Studies conducted in vitro and animal models have also demonstrated a synergism in cytotoxicity given the mechanism of action of anticancer drugs when administered in combination providing promising results. Combination therapy has also shown implications in overcoming multiple-drug resistance, which can however be subdued by the adaptable nature of tumor microenvironment. Surface modifications with targeting moieties can therefore feasibly increase nanoparticle uptake by specific receptor-ligand interactions, increasing dose efficacy which can seemingly overcome drug-resistance. This article reviews recent trends and investigations in employing polymeric nanoparticles for effectively delivering combination chemotherapy, and modifications in delivery parameters enhancing dose efficacy, thus validating the potential in this approach for anticancer treatment. 2016-07-04 2016-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5193385/ /pubmed/28042613 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Gad, Aniket
Kydd, Janel
Piel, Brandon
Rai, Prakash
Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title_full Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title_fullStr Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title_short Targeting Cancer using Polymeric Nanoparticle mediated Combination Chemotherapy
title_sort targeting cancer using polymeric nanoparticle mediated combination chemotherapy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5193385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28042613
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