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Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
CD28 is a primary co-stimulatory receptor that is essential for successful T cell activation, proliferation, and survival. While ubiquitously expressed on naive T cells, the level of CD28 expression on memory T cells is largely dependent on the T-cell differentiation stage in humans. Expansion of ci...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Association of Immunologists
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5195841/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28035207 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2016.16.6.322 |
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author | Lee, Ga Hye Lee, Won-Woo |
author_facet | Lee, Ga Hye Lee, Won-Woo |
author_sort | Lee, Ga Hye |
collection | PubMed |
description | CD28 is a primary co-stimulatory receptor that is essential for successful T cell activation, proliferation, and survival. While ubiquitously expressed on naive T cells, the level of CD28 expression on memory T cells is largely dependent on the T-cell differentiation stage in humans. Expansion of circulating T cells lacking CD28 was originally considered a hallmark of age-associated immunological changes in humans, with a progressive loss of CD28 following replicative senescence with advancing age. However, an increasing body of evidence has revealed that there is a significant age-inappropriate expansion of CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells in patients with a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, suggesting that these cells play a role in their pathogenesis. In fact, expanded CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells can produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α and also have cytotoxic potential, which may cause tissue damage and development of pathogenesis in many inflammatory disorders. Here we review the characteristics of CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells as well as the recent advances highlighting the contribution of these cells to several disease conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5195841 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | The Korean Association of Immunologists |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-51958412016-12-29 Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders Lee, Ga Hye Lee, Won-Woo Immune Netw Review Article CD28 is a primary co-stimulatory receptor that is essential for successful T cell activation, proliferation, and survival. While ubiquitously expressed on naive T cells, the level of CD28 expression on memory T cells is largely dependent on the T-cell differentiation stage in humans. Expansion of circulating T cells lacking CD28 was originally considered a hallmark of age-associated immunological changes in humans, with a progressive loss of CD28 following replicative senescence with advancing age. However, an increasing body of evidence has revealed that there is a significant age-inappropriate expansion of CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells in patients with a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, suggesting that these cells play a role in their pathogenesis. In fact, expanded CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells can produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α and also have cytotoxic potential, which may cause tissue damage and development of pathogenesis in many inflammatory disorders. Here we review the characteristics of CD4(+)CD28(−) T cells as well as the recent advances highlighting the contribution of these cells to several disease conditions. The Korean Association of Immunologists 2016-12 2016-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5195841/ /pubmed/28035207 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2016.16.6.322 Text en Copyright © 2016 The Korean Association of Immunologists http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Lee, Ga Hye Lee, Won-Woo Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title | Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title_full | Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title_fullStr | Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title_short | Unusual CD4(+)CD28(−) T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders |
title_sort | unusual cd4(+)cd28(−) t cells and their pathogenic role in chronic inflammatory disorders |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5195841/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28035207 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2016.16.6.322 |
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