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Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review

BACKGROUND: People’s ability to appraise claims about treatment effects is crucial for informed decision-making. Our objective was to systematically map this area of research in order to (a) provide an overview of interventions targeting key concepts that people need to understand to assess treatmen...

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Autores principales: Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid, Nsangi, Allen, Semakula, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5200965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28034307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0389-z
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author Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid
Nsangi, Allen
Semakula, Daniel
author_facet Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid
Nsangi, Allen
Semakula, Daniel
author_sort Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: People’s ability to appraise claims about treatment effects is crucial for informed decision-making. Our objective was to systematically map this area of research in order to (a) provide an overview of interventions targeting key concepts that people need to understand to assess treatment claims and (b) to identify assessment tools used to evaluate people’s understanding of these concepts. The findings of this review provide a starting point for decisions about which key concepts to address when developing new interventions, and which assessment tools should be considered. METHODS: We conducted a systematic mapping review of interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts important for people to be able to assess treatment claims. A systematic literature search was done by a reserach librarian in relevant databases. Judgement about inclusion of studies and data collection was done by at least two researchers. We included all quantitative study designs targeting one or more of the key concepts, and targeting patients, healthy members of the public, and health professionals. The studies were divided into four categories: risk communication and decision aids, evidence-based medicine and critical appraisal, understanding of controlled trials, and science education. Findings were summarised descriptively. RESULTS: We included 415 studies, of which the interventions and assessment tools we identified included only a handful of the key concepts. The most common key concepts in interventions were “Treatments usually have beneficial and harmful effects,” “Treatment comparisons should be fair,” “Compare like with like,” and “Single studies can be misleading.” A variety of assessment tools were identified, but only four assessment tools included 10 or more key concepts. CONCLUSIONS: There is great potential for developing learning and assessment tools targeting key concepts that people need to understand to assess claims about treatment effects. There is currently no instrument covering assessment of all these key concepts. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0389-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-52009652016-12-30 Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid Nsangi, Allen Semakula, Daniel Syst Rev Research BACKGROUND: People’s ability to appraise claims about treatment effects is crucial for informed decision-making. Our objective was to systematically map this area of research in order to (a) provide an overview of interventions targeting key concepts that people need to understand to assess treatment claims and (b) to identify assessment tools used to evaluate people’s understanding of these concepts. The findings of this review provide a starting point for decisions about which key concepts to address when developing new interventions, and which assessment tools should be considered. METHODS: We conducted a systematic mapping review of interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts important for people to be able to assess treatment claims. A systematic literature search was done by a reserach librarian in relevant databases. Judgement about inclusion of studies and data collection was done by at least two researchers. We included all quantitative study designs targeting one or more of the key concepts, and targeting patients, healthy members of the public, and health professionals. The studies were divided into four categories: risk communication and decision aids, evidence-based medicine and critical appraisal, understanding of controlled trials, and science education. Findings were summarised descriptively. RESULTS: We included 415 studies, of which the interventions and assessment tools we identified included only a handful of the key concepts. The most common key concepts in interventions were “Treatments usually have beneficial and harmful effects,” “Treatment comparisons should be fair,” “Compare like with like,” and “Single studies can be misleading.” A variety of assessment tools were identified, but only four assessment tools included 10 or more key concepts. CONCLUSIONS: There is great potential for developing learning and assessment tools targeting key concepts that people need to understand to assess claims about treatment effects. There is currently no instrument covering assessment of all these key concepts. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0389-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5200965/ /pubmed/28034307 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0389-z Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid
Nsangi, Allen
Semakula, Daniel
Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title_full Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title_fullStr Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title_full_unstemmed Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title_short Interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
title_sort interventions and assessment tools addressing key concepts people need to know to appraise claims about treatment effects: a systematic mapping review
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5200965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28034307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0389-z
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