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Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation
The typical sonomorphology of homogeneously hypoechoic texture of an enlarged parathyroid gland (PG) is a reflection of uniform arrangement of the parathormone-producing chief cells. A variable cellular arrangement, hemorrhage, fibrosis, and adipocytes cause heterogeneous appearance. We describe a c...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5201085/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28104949 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.195786 |
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author | Aswani, Yashant Dhume, Varsha Varma, Ravi Saifi, Shenaz |
author_facet | Aswani, Yashant Dhume, Varsha Varma, Ravi Saifi, Shenaz |
author_sort | Aswani, Yashant |
collection | PubMed |
description | The typical sonomorphology of homogeneously hypoechoic texture of an enlarged parathyroid gland (PG) is a reflection of uniform arrangement of the parathormone-producing chief cells. A variable cellular arrangement, hemorrhage, fibrosis, and adipocytes cause heterogeneous appearance. We describe a case of a 32-year-old male, a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism, with increased serum parathormone levels, hypercalcemia, and enlargement of all four PGs, albeit with differing morphology. The left lower gland had two nodules, namely, superior and inferior. The inferior nodule of the left lower gland had an echogenic core surrounded by a sonolucent rim whereas the superior nodule was homogenously hyoechoic. The left upper gland had an echopattern exactly reverse of the inferior nodule of the left lower PG, i.e., hypoechoic gland surrounded by hyperechoic periphery. The appearance of the right-sided glands was that of the superior nodule of the left lower PG. On histopathology, the hypoechoic areas corresponded to numerous chief cells and congested vessels whereas edema gave rise to an increase in echogenicity. This report exemplifies atypical sonographic appearances of PG and their histopathologic correlation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5201085 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52010852017-01-19 Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation Aswani, Yashant Dhume, Varsha Varma, Ravi Saifi, Shenaz Indian J Radiol Imaging Head & Neck The typical sonomorphology of homogeneously hypoechoic texture of an enlarged parathyroid gland (PG) is a reflection of uniform arrangement of the parathormone-producing chief cells. A variable cellular arrangement, hemorrhage, fibrosis, and adipocytes cause heterogeneous appearance. We describe a case of a 32-year-old male, a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism, with increased serum parathormone levels, hypercalcemia, and enlargement of all four PGs, albeit with differing morphology. The left lower gland had two nodules, namely, superior and inferior. The inferior nodule of the left lower gland had an echogenic core surrounded by a sonolucent rim whereas the superior nodule was homogenously hyoechoic. The left upper gland had an echopattern exactly reverse of the inferior nodule of the left lower PG, i.e., hypoechoic gland surrounded by hyperechoic periphery. The appearance of the right-sided glands was that of the superior nodule of the left lower PG. On histopathology, the hypoechoic areas corresponded to numerous chief cells and congested vessels whereas edema gave rise to an increase in echogenicity. This report exemplifies atypical sonographic appearances of PG and their histopathologic correlation. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5201085/ /pubmed/28104949 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.195786 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Head & Neck Aswani, Yashant Dhume, Varsha Varma, Ravi Saifi, Shenaz Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title | Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title_full | Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title_fullStr | Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title_full_unstemmed | Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title_short | Enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
title_sort | enlarged parathyroid glands with variable sonomorphology in a case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism: sonographic-histopathologic correlation |
topic | Head & Neck |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5201085/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28104949 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.195786 |
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