Associations of sleep duration with open angle glaucoma in the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and glaucoma, stratified by obesity status. This study was conducted using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V 2010 to 2012. Open-angle glaucoma was diagnosed according to the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. Subjects were divided into subgroups based on those who were overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m(2) or <25 kg/m(2)) or with abdominal obesity (based on waist circumference). Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to estimate the magnitude of the association between sleep duration (<7 h, 7–<9, or ≥9 hours) and prevalence of glaucoma in the total population and in the subgroups. Individuals who slept <5 hours per night had the highest prevalence of glaucoma (5.55 ± 1.09%), followed by those who slept ≥9 hours per night (4.56 ± 0.10%), and then by those who slept 5 to <6 hours per night (4.15 ± 0.68%), which revealed a U-shaped pattern (P for trend = 0.072). Among overweight individuals, subjects who slept <7 hours and those who slept ≥9 hours were significantly more likely to have glaucoma compared with subjects who slept 7 to <9 hours after adjusting for survey year, age, sex, smoking, drinking, exercise, education level, household income, hypertension, intraocular pressure, stress, and depression (odds ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–5.03). Unlike for overweight individuals, sleep duration in nonoverweight individuals was not statistically significantly associated with glaucoma. Our results reveal a U-shaped association between sleep duration and the prevalence of glaucoma. An effect of sleep duration on glaucoma was present in the subgroup of overweight patients.