Cargando…
Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal
BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance activities are in a developing stage in Nepal. ADR reporting is mainly confined to healthcare professionals working in institutions recognized as regional pharmacovigilance centers. Community pharmacists could play an important role in pharmacovigilance. This study was...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217211/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28057047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5 |
_version_ | 1782492063095324672 |
---|---|
author | Jha, Nisha Rathore, Devendra Singh Shankar, Pathiyil Ravi Bhandary, Shital Pandit, Rabi Bushan Gyawali, Sudesh Alshakka, Mohamed |
author_facet | Jha, Nisha Rathore, Devendra Singh Shankar, Pathiyil Ravi Bhandary, Shital Pandit, Rabi Bushan Gyawali, Sudesh Alshakka, Mohamed |
author_sort | Jha, Nisha |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance activities are in a developing stage in Nepal. ADR reporting is mainly confined to healthcare professionals working in institutions recognized as regional pharmacovigilance centers. Community pharmacists could play an important role in pharmacovigilance. This study was conducted among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district to examine their knowledge and attitude about pharmacovigilance before and after an educational intervention. METHODS: Knowledge and attitude was studied before, immediately after and 6 weeks following the intervention among 75 community pharmacists. Responses were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A pretested questionnaire having twelve and nine statements for assessing knowledge and attitude were used. The overall scores were obtained by adding the ‘knowledge’ and ‘attitude’ scores and ‘overall’ scores were summarized using median and interquartile range. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for repeated samples was used to compare the differences between knowledge and attitude of the pharmacists before and after the educational program. RESULTS: Knowledge scores [median (interquartile range)] improved significantly between pre-test [39 (44–46)], post-test [44 (44–44)] and retention period of 6 weeks after the intervention [46 (43–46)]. Knowledge score improved immediately post-intervention among both males [44 (41–47)] and females [44 (43–45)] but the retention scores (after 6 weeks) were higher [46 (42–48)] among males. Attitude scores improved significantly among females [46 (44–48)]. The overall scores were higher among pharmacists from rural areas. CONCLUSION: Knowledge and attitude scores improved after the educational intervention. Further studies in other regions of the country are required. The national pharmacovigilance center should promote awareness about ADR reporting among community pharmacists. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5217211 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52172112017-01-09 Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal Jha, Nisha Rathore, Devendra Singh Shankar, Pathiyil Ravi Bhandary, Shital Pandit, Rabi Bushan Gyawali, Sudesh Alshakka, Mohamed BMC Res Notes Research Article BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance activities are in a developing stage in Nepal. ADR reporting is mainly confined to healthcare professionals working in institutions recognized as regional pharmacovigilance centers. Community pharmacists could play an important role in pharmacovigilance. This study was conducted among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district to examine their knowledge and attitude about pharmacovigilance before and after an educational intervention. METHODS: Knowledge and attitude was studied before, immediately after and 6 weeks following the intervention among 75 community pharmacists. Responses were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A pretested questionnaire having twelve and nine statements for assessing knowledge and attitude were used. The overall scores were obtained by adding the ‘knowledge’ and ‘attitude’ scores and ‘overall’ scores were summarized using median and interquartile range. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for repeated samples was used to compare the differences between knowledge and attitude of the pharmacists before and after the educational program. RESULTS: Knowledge scores [median (interquartile range)] improved significantly between pre-test [39 (44–46)], post-test [44 (44–44)] and retention period of 6 weeks after the intervention [46 (43–46)]. Knowledge score improved immediately post-intervention among both males [44 (41–47)] and females [44 (43–45)] but the retention scores (after 6 weeks) were higher [46 (42–48)] among males. Attitude scores improved significantly among females [46 (44–48)]. The overall scores were higher among pharmacists from rural areas. CONCLUSION: Knowledge and attitude scores improved after the educational intervention. Further studies in other regions of the country are required. The national pharmacovigilance center should promote awareness about ADR reporting among community pharmacists. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5217211/ /pubmed/28057047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Jha, Nisha Rathore, Devendra Singh Shankar, Pathiyil Ravi Bhandary, Shital Pandit, Rabi Bushan Gyawali, Sudesh Alshakka, Mohamed Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title | Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title_full | Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title_fullStr | Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title_short | Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal |
title_sort | effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in lalitpur district, nepal |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217211/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28057047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT jhanisha effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT rathoredevendrasingh effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT shankarpathiyilravi effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT bhandaryshital effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT panditrabibushan effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT gyawalisudesh effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal AT alshakkamohamed effectofaneducationalinterventiononknowledgeandattituderegardingpharmacovigilanceandconsumerpharmacovigilanceamongcommunitypharmacistsinlalitpurdistrictnepal |