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Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages

BACKGROUND: Avian malaria occurs almost worldwide and is caused by Haemosporida parasites (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon). Vectors such as mosquitoes, hippoboscid flies or biting midges are required for the transmission of these parasites. There are few studies about avian malaria paras...

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Autores principales: Schmid, Sandrine, Dinkel, Anke, Mackenstedt, Ute, Tantely, Michaël Luciano, Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José, Boyer, Sébastien, Woog, Friederike
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28057063
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1939-x
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author Schmid, Sandrine
Dinkel, Anke
Mackenstedt, Ute
Tantely, Michaël Luciano
Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José
Boyer, Sébastien
Woog, Friederike
author_facet Schmid, Sandrine
Dinkel, Anke
Mackenstedt, Ute
Tantely, Michaël Luciano
Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José
Boyer, Sébastien
Woog, Friederike
author_sort Schmid, Sandrine
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Avian malaria occurs almost worldwide and is caused by Haemosporida parasites (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon). Vectors such as mosquitoes, hippoboscid flies or biting midges are required for the transmission of these parasites. There are few studies about avian malaria parasites on Madagascar but none about suitable vectors. METHODS: To identify vectors of avian Plasmodium parasites on Madagascar, we examined head, thorax and abdomen of 418 mosquitoes from at least 18 species using a nested PCR method to amplify a 524 bp fragment of the haemosporidian mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Sequences obtained were then compared with a large dataset of haemosporidian sequences detected in 45 different bird species (n = 686) from the same area in the Maromizaha rainforest. RESULTS: Twenty-one mosquitoes tested positive for avian malaria parasites. Haemoproteus DNA was found in nine mosquitoes (2.15%) while Plasmodium DNA was found in 12 mosquitoes (2.87%). Seven distinct lineages were identified among the Plasmodium DNA samples. Some lineages were also found in the examined bird samples: Plasmodium sp. WA46 (EU810628.1) in the Madagascar bulbul, Plasmodium sp. mosquito 132 (AB308050.1) in 15 bird species belonging to eight families, Plasmodium sp. PV12 (GQ150194.1) in eleven bird species belonging to eight families and Plasmodium sp. P31 (DQ839060.1) was found in three weaver bird species. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first insight into avian malaria transmission in the Maromizaha rainforest in eastern Madagascar. Five Haemoproteus lineages and seven Plasmodium lineages were detected in the examined mosquitoes. Complete life-cycles for the specialist lineages WA46 and P31 and for the generalist lineages mosquito132 and PV12 of Plasmodium are proposed. In addition, we have identified for the first time Anopheles mascarensis and Uranotaenia spp. as vectors for avian malaria and offer the first description of vector mosquitoes for avian malaria in Madagascar.
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spelling pubmed-52173342017-01-09 Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages Schmid, Sandrine Dinkel, Anke Mackenstedt, Ute Tantely, Michaël Luciano Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José Boyer, Sébastien Woog, Friederike Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Avian malaria occurs almost worldwide and is caused by Haemosporida parasites (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon). Vectors such as mosquitoes, hippoboscid flies or biting midges are required for the transmission of these parasites. There are few studies about avian malaria parasites on Madagascar but none about suitable vectors. METHODS: To identify vectors of avian Plasmodium parasites on Madagascar, we examined head, thorax and abdomen of 418 mosquitoes from at least 18 species using a nested PCR method to amplify a 524 bp fragment of the haemosporidian mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Sequences obtained were then compared with a large dataset of haemosporidian sequences detected in 45 different bird species (n = 686) from the same area in the Maromizaha rainforest. RESULTS: Twenty-one mosquitoes tested positive for avian malaria parasites. Haemoproteus DNA was found in nine mosquitoes (2.15%) while Plasmodium DNA was found in 12 mosquitoes (2.87%). Seven distinct lineages were identified among the Plasmodium DNA samples. Some lineages were also found in the examined bird samples: Plasmodium sp. WA46 (EU810628.1) in the Madagascar bulbul, Plasmodium sp. mosquito 132 (AB308050.1) in 15 bird species belonging to eight families, Plasmodium sp. PV12 (GQ150194.1) in eleven bird species belonging to eight families and Plasmodium sp. P31 (DQ839060.1) was found in three weaver bird species. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first insight into avian malaria transmission in the Maromizaha rainforest in eastern Madagascar. Five Haemoproteus lineages and seven Plasmodium lineages were detected in the examined mosquitoes. Complete life-cycles for the specialist lineages WA46 and P31 and for the generalist lineages mosquito132 and PV12 of Plasmodium are proposed. In addition, we have identified for the first time Anopheles mascarensis and Uranotaenia spp. as vectors for avian malaria and offer the first description of vector mosquitoes for avian malaria in Madagascar. BioMed Central 2017-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5217334/ /pubmed/28057063 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1939-x Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Schmid, Sandrine
Dinkel, Anke
Mackenstedt, Ute
Tantely, Michaël Luciano
Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José
Boyer, Sébastien
Woog, Friederike
Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title_full Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title_fullStr Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title_full_unstemmed Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title_short Avian malaria on Madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different Plasmodium lineages
title_sort avian malaria on madagascar: bird hosts and putative vector mosquitoes of different plasmodium lineages
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28057063
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1939-x
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