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Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm
BACKGROUND: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa. Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217548/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28056770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-3403-x |
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author | Rhodes, Davina H. Hoffmann, Leo Rooney, William L. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott Boyles, Richard Brenton, Zachary W. Kresovich, Stephen |
author_facet | Rhodes, Davina H. Hoffmann, Leo Rooney, William L. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott Boyles, Richard Brenton, Zachary W. Kresovich, Stephen |
author_sort | Rhodes, Davina H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa. Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved. The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations. RESULTS: In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%. Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch. Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region. A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation. CONCLUSIONS: We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition. This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3403-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5217548 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52175482017-01-09 Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm Rhodes, Davina H. Hoffmann, Leo Rooney, William L. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott Boyles, Richard Brenton, Zachary W. Kresovich, Stephen BMC Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa. Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved. The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations. RESULTS: In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%. Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch. Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region. A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation. CONCLUSIONS: We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition. This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3403-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5217548/ /pubmed/28056770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-3403-x Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rhodes, Davina H. Hoffmann, Leo Rooney, William L. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott Boyles, Richard Brenton, Zachary W. Kresovich, Stephen Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title | Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title_full | Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title_fullStr | Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title_short | Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
title_sort | genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5217548/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28056770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-3403-x |
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