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Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature
Despite the high prevalence of hypertension (HTN), only a small proportion of the hypertensive patients will ultimately develop hypertensive crisis. In fact, some patients with hypertensive crisis do not report a history of HTN or previous use of antihypertensive medication. The majority of the pati...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5222786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28119918 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2016.00051 |
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author | Varounis, Christos Katsi, Vasiliki Nihoyannopoulos, Petros Lekakis, John Tousoulis, Dimitris |
author_facet | Varounis, Christos Katsi, Vasiliki Nihoyannopoulos, Petros Lekakis, John Tousoulis, Dimitris |
author_sort | Varounis, Christos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite the high prevalence of hypertension (HTN), only a small proportion of the hypertensive patients will ultimately develop hypertensive crisis. In fact, some patients with hypertensive crisis do not report a history of HTN or previous use of antihypertensive medication. The majority of the patients with hypertensive crisis often report non-specific symptoms, whereas heart-related symptoms (dyspnea, chest pain, arrhythmias, and syncope) are less common. Hypertensive crises can be divided into hypertensive emergencies or hypertensive urgencies according to the presence or absence of acute target organ damage, respectively. This differentiation is an extremely useful classification in clinical practice since a different management is needed, which in turn has a significant effect on the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Therefore, it is very crucial for the physician in the emergency department to identify the hypertensive emergencies and to manage them through blood pressure lowering medications in order to avoid further target organ damage or deterioration. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the recent evidence in an effort to improve the awareness, recognition, risk stratification, and treatment of hypertensive crisis in patients referred to the emergency department. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5222786 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52227862017-01-24 Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature Varounis, Christos Katsi, Vasiliki Nihoyannopoulos, Petros Lekakis, John Tousoulis, Dimitris Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Despite the high prevalence of hypertension (HTN), only a small proportion of the hypertensive patients will ultimately develop hypertensive crisis. In fact, some patients with hypertensive crisis do not report a history of HTN or previous use of antihypertensive medication. The majority of the patients with hypertensive crisis often report non-specific symptoms, whereas heart-related symptoms (dyspnea, chest pain, arrhythmias, and syncope) are less common. Hypertensive crises can be divided into hypertensive emergencies or hypertensive urgencies according to the presence or absence of acute target organ damage, respectively. This differentiation is an extremely useful classification in clinical practice since a different management is needed, which in turn has a significant effect on the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Therefore, it is very crucial for the physician in the emergency department to identify the hypertensive emergencies and to manage them through blood pressure lowering medications in order to avoid further target organ damage or deterioration. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the recent evidence in an effort to improve the awareness, recognition, risk stratification, and treatment of hypertensive crisis in patients referred to the emergency department. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5222786/ /pubmed/28119918 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2016.00051 Text en Copyright © 2017 Varounis, Katsi, Nihoyannopoulos, Lekakis and Tousoulis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cardiovascular Medicine Varounis, Christos Katsi, Vasiliki Nihoyannopoulos, Petros Lekakis, John Tousoulis, Dimitris Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title | Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title_full | Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title_short | Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature |
title_sort | cardiovascular hypertensive crisis: recent evidence and review of the literature |
topic | Cardiovascular Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5222786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28119918 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2016.00051 |
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