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Parent-Endorsed Sex Differences in Toddlers with and Without ASD: Utilizing the M-CHAT

Sex differences in typical development can provide context for understanding ASD. Baron-Cohen (Trends Cogn Sci 6(6):248–254, 2002) suggested ASD could be considered an extreme expression of normal male, compared to female, phenotypic profiles. In this paper, sex-specific M-CHAT scores from N = 53,72...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Øien, Roald A., Hart, Logan, Schjølberg, Synnve, Wall, Carla A., Kim, Elizabeth S., Nordahl-Hansen, Anders, Eisemann, Martin R., Chawarska, Katarzyna, Volkmar, Fred R., Shic, Frederick
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5222910/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27757737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2945-8
Descripción
Sumario:Sex differences in typical development can provide context for understanding ASD. Baron-Cohen (Trends Cogn Sci 6(6):248–254, 2002) suggested ASD could be considered an extreme expression of normal male, compared to female, phenotypic profiles. In this paper, sex-specific M-CHAT scores from N = 53,728 18-month-old toddlers, including n = 185 (32 females) with ASD, were examined. Results suggest a nuanced view of the “extreme male brain theory of autism”. At an item level, almost every male versus female disadvantage in the broader population was consistent with M-CHAT vulnerabilities in ASD. However, controlling for total M-CHAT failures, this male disadvantage was more equivocal and many classically ASD-associated features were found more common in non-ASD. Within ASD, females showed relative strengths in joint attention, but impairments in imitation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2945-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.