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Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life, but the mechanism remains unclear. Adipokine imbalance in the presence of metabolic dysfunction may be a key event in promoting CVD. The aim of the study was to examine the re...

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Autores principales: Lekva, Tove, Michelsen, Annika Elisabet, Aukrust, Pål, Henriksen, Tore, Bollerslev, Jens, Ueland, Thor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5223461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28068986
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-016-0492-4
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author Lekva, Tove
Michelsen, Annika Elisabet
Aukrust, Pål
Henriksen, Tore
Bollerslev, Jens
Ueland, Thor
author_facet Lekva, Tove
Michelsen, Annika Elisabet
Aukrust, Pål
Henriksen, Tore
Bollerslev, Jens
Ueland, Thor
author_sort Lekva, Tove
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life, but the mechanism remains unclear. Adipokine imbalance in the presence of metabolic dysfunction may be a key event in promoting CVD. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between GDM, cardiovascular risk, and plasma adiponectin, leptin and the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio in pregnancy and at 5 years after the index pregnancy. METHODS: This population-based prospective cohort included 300 women who had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy. Five years later, the OGTT was repeated along with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, lipid analysis, and pulse wave velocity analysis. Fasting adiponectin and leptin levels were measured four times during pregnancy and at follow-up. RESULTS: We found the L/A ratio higher in GDM women both during pregnancy and follow-up compared to non-GDM women. A high L/A ratio during pregnancy was associated with CV risk based on lipid ratios at follow-up, especially the TG/HDL-C ratio. Further, interaction analysis indicated that an increase in the L/A ratio of 1 unit was associated with a higher CV risk in GDM compared to normal pregnancy. Finally, low adiponectin levels independently predicted increased lipid ratios at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our findings suggest that high L/A ratio in pregnancy and in particularly in those with GDM are associated with an unfavorable CVD risk profile during follow-up. Future studies should investigate if a dysregulated leptin and adiponectin profile during pregnancy is associated with atherosclerotic disease during long-term follow-up. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-016-0492-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-52234612017-01-11 Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus Lekva, Tove Michelsen, Annika Elisabet Aukrust, Pål Henriksen, Tore Bollerslev, Jens Ueland, Thor Cardiovasc Diabetol Original Investigation BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life, but the mechanism remains unclear. Adipokine imbalance in the presence of metabolic dysfunction may be a key event in promoting CVD. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between GDM, cardiovascular risk, and plasma adiponectin, leptin and the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio in pregnancy and at 5 years after the index pregnancy. METHODS: This population-based prospective cohort included 300 women who had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy. Five years later, the OGTT was repeated along with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, lipid analysis, and pulse wave velocity analysis. Fasting adiponectin and leptin levels were measured four times during pregnancy and at follow-up. RESULTS: We found the L/A ratio higher in GDM women both during pregnancy and follow-up compared to non-GDM women. A high L/A ratio during pregnancy was associated with CV risk based on lipid ratios at follow-up, especially the TG/HDL-C ratio. Further, interaction analysis indicated that an increase in the L/A ratio of 1 unit was associated with a higher CV risk in GDM compared to normal pregnancy. Finally, low adiponectin levels independently predicted increased lipid ratios at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our findings suggest that high L/A ratio in pregnancy and in particularly in those with GDM are associated with an unfavorable CVD risk profile during follow-up. Future studies should investigate if a dysregulated leptin and adiponectin profile during pregnancy is associated with atherosclerotic disease during long-term follow-up. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-016-0492-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5223461/ /pubmed/28068986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-016-0492-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Lekva, Tove
Michelsen, Annika Elisabet
Aukrust, Pål
Henriksen, Tore
Bollerslev, Jens
Ueland, Thor
Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title_full Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title_fullStr Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title_short Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
title_sort leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5223461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28068986
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-016-0492-4
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