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A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf

BACKGROUND: Congenital cranial bone defects predispose to herniation of meninges, sometimes with brain tissue involvement, to form a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–filled cyst in the head. Such defects mainly results from focal failure of neural tube closure during fetal development and has been reported...

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Autores principales: Kisipan, Mosiany Letura, Orenge, Caleb Oburu, Gacheru, David Njogu, Ngure, Raphael Muchangi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5237136/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28086878
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0936-9
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author Kisipan, Mosiany Letura
Orenge, Caleb Oburu
Gacheru, David Njogu
Ngure, Raphael Muchangi
author_facet Kisipan, Mosiany Letura
Orenge, Caleb Oburu
Gacheru, David Njogu
Ngure, Raphael Muchangi
author_sort Kisipan, Mosiany Letura
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Congenital cranial bone defects predispose to herniation of meninges, sometimes with brain tissue involvement, to form a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–filled cyst in the head. Such defects mainly results from focal failure of neural tube closure during fetal development and has been reported in various species of domestic mammals. CASE PRESENTATION: A one week old Ayrshire calf with a fluctuant swelling on parieto-occipital region of the head was referred to the faculty. The calf was always lying on lateral recumbency and exhibited resistance to deep palpation around the swelling and neck flexion. Embedded to the midline of the dorso-caudal surface of the cyst’s wall was a hard longitudinally oriented structure. The case was diagnosed as meningocele by means of radiographic examination. As the likelihood to full recovery was greatly reduced due to the negative impact already meted on brain tissue by intracranial pressure, the calf was euthanized on grounds of animal welfare and the diagnosis confirmed by anatomopathological findings which also revealed a circular bone defect in parieto-occipital region of the skull vault and a flattened bony structure embedded to the cyst’s wall. CONCLUSION: Anatomopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis as cranial bifidum with meningocele at the parieto-occipital region of the skull vault. The presence of a bony structure embedded to the wall of meningeal sac was rather unusual and could not be sufficiently explained. It was however thought to, most likely, represent a part of interparietal bone that failed to get incorporated into squamous part of occipital bone as a result of the defect. The report also highlights challenges that work against timely delivery of urgent veterinary interventions in rural set ups of Africa and rest of the developing world, often leaving veterinarians with animal welfare consideration as main determinant of intervention measures.
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spelling pubmed-52371362017-01-18 A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf Kisipan, Mosiany Letura Orenge, Caleb Oburu Gacheru, David Njogu Ngure, Raphael Muchangi BMC Vet Res Case Report BACKGROUND: Congenital cranial bone defects predispose to herniation of meninges, sometimes with brain tissue involvement, to form a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–filled cyst in the head. Such defects mainly results from focal failure of neural tube closure during fetal development and has been reported in various species of domestic mammals. CASE PRESENTATION: A one week old Ayrshire calf with a fluctuant swelling on parieto-occipital region of the head was referred to the faculty. The calf was always lying on lateral recumbency and exhibited resistance to deep palpation around the swelling and neck flexion. Embedded to the midline of the dorso-caudal surface of the cyst’s wall was a hard longitudinally oriented structure. The case was diagnosed as meningocele by means of radiographic examination. As the likelihood to full recovery was greatly reduced due to the negative impact already meted on brain tissue by intracranial pressure, the calf was euthanized on grounds of animal welfare and the diagnosis confirmed by anatomopathological findings which also revealed a circular bone defect in parieto-occipital region of the skull vault and a flattened bony structure embedded to the cyst’s wall. CONCLUSION: Anatomopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis as cranial bifidum with meningocele at the parieto-occipital region of the skull vault. The presence of a bony structure embedded to the wall of meningeal sac was rather unusual and could not be sufficiently explained. It was however thought to, most likely, represent a part of interparietal bone that failed to get incorporated into squamous part of occipital bone as a result of the defect. The report also highlights challenges that work against timely delivery of urgent veterinary interventions in rural set ups of Africa and rest of the developing world, often leaving veterinarians with animal welfare consideration as main determinant of intervention measures. BioMed Central 2017-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5237136/ /pubmed/28086878 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0936-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Case Report
Kisipan, Mosiany Letura
Orenge, Caleb Oburu
Gacheru, David Njogu
Ngure, Raphael Muchangi
A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title_full A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title_fullStr A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title_full_unstemmed A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title_short A case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in Ayrshire calf
title_sort case of cranium bifidum with meningocele in ayrshire calf
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5237136/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28086878
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0936-9
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