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Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates

Vortices are essential to angular momentum in quantum systems such as ultracold atomic gases. The existence of quantized vorticity in bosonic systems stimulated the development of the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field approximation. However, the true dynamics of angular momentum in finite, interacting man...

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Autores principales: Weiner, Storm E., Tsatsos, Marios C., Cederbaum, Lorenz S., Lode, Axel U. J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5238373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28091520
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep40122
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author Weiner, Storm E.
Tsatsos, Marios C.
Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
Lode, Axel U. J.
author_facet Weiner, Storm E.
Tsatsos, Marios C.
Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
Lode, Axel U. J.
author_sort Weiner, Storm E.
collection PubMed
description Vortices are essential to angular momentum in quantum systems such as ultracold atomic gases. The existence of quantized vorticity in bosonic systems stimulated the development of the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field approximation. However, the true dynamics of angular momentum in finite, interacting many-body systems like trapped Bose-Einstein condensates is enriched by the emergence of quantum correlations whose description demands more elaborate methods. Herein we theoretically investigate the full many-body dynamics of the acquisition of angular momentum by a gas of ultracold bosons in two dimensions using a standard rotation procedure. We demonstrate the existence of a novel mode of quantized vorticity, which we term the phantom vortex. Contrary to the conventional mean-field vortex, can be detected as a topological defect of spatial coherence, but not of the density. We describe previously unknown many-body mechanisms of vortex nucleation and show that angular momentum is hidden in phantom vortices modes which so far seem to have evaded experimental detection. This phenomenon is likely important in the formation of the Abrikosov lattice and the onset of turbulence in superfluids.
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spelling pubmed-52383732017-01-19 Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates Weiner, Storm E. Tsatsos, Marios C. Cederbaum, Lorenz S. Lode, Axel U. J. Sci Rep Article Vortices are essential to angular momentum in quantum systems such as ultracold atomic gases. The existence of quantized vorticity in bosonic systems stimulated the development of the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field approximation. However, the true dynamics of angular momentum in finite, interacting many-body systems like trapped Bose-Einstein condensates is enriched by the emergence of quantum correlations whose description demands more elaborate methods. Herein we theoretically investigate the full many-body dynamics of the acquisition of angular momentum by a gas of ultracold bosons in two dimensions using a standard rotation procedure. We demonstrate the existence of a novel mode of quantized vorticity, which we term the phantom vortex. Contrary to the conventional mean-field vortex, can be detected as a topological defect of spatial coherence, but not of the density. We describe previously unknown many-body mechanisms of vortex nucleation and show that angular momentum is hidden in phantom vortices modes which so far seem to have evaded experimental detection. This phenomenon is likely important in the formation of the Abrikosov lattice and the onset of turbulence in superfluids. Nature Publishing Group 2017-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5238373/ /pubmed/28091520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep40122 Text en Copyright © 2017, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Weiner, Storm E.
Tsatsos, Marios C.
Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
Lode, Axel U. J.
Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title_full Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title_fullStr Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title_full_unstemmed Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title_short Phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
title_sort phantom vortices: hidden angular momentum in ultracold dilute bose-einstein condensates
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5238373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28091520
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep40122
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