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Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy

In advanced cancer, current conventional therapies or immunotherapies cannot eradicate all tumor cells for most patients. Integration of these two treatments for synergistic effects could eradicate more tumor cells and increase overall survival rates. But proper integration is a challenge, partly du...

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Autores principales: Xu, Meng Michelle, Pu, Yang, Weichselbaum, Ralph R., Fu, Yang-Xin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5243926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27425593
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2016.231
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author Xu, Meng Michelle
Pu, Yang
Weichselbaum, Ralph R.
Fu, Yang-Xin
author_facet Xu, Meng Michelle
Pu, Yang
Weichselbaum, Ralph R.
Fu, Yang-Xin
author_sort Xu, Meng Michelle
collection PubMed
description In advanced cancer, current conventional therapies or immunotherapies cannot eradicate all tumor cells for most patients. Integration of these two treatments for synergistic effects could eradicate more tumor cells and increase overall survival rates. But proper integration is a challenge, partly due to a poor understanding of the impact of conventional treatment on immune responses. Intensive chemo/radiotherapy may impair ongoing immune responses whilst lower intensity of therapy might not kill enough tumor cells, both leading to tumor relapse. Current understanding of mechanisms of resistance to conventional and targeted cancer therapies has focused on cell intrinsic pathways that trigger DNA damage/repair or signaling pathways related to cell growth. Recent reports show that host T cells properly primed against tumor specific antigens after conventional treatment can integrate with direct cytotoxic effects induced by radiation or chemotherapy to profoundly control tumors. Following cytotoxic anticancer treatment, tumor derived DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) can be sensed by innate cells which drives type I interferon (IFNs production) for cross priming of CD8(+) T cells. Some types and protocols of chemotherapy or radiation can increase tumor infiltrating lymphocytes that overcome resistance to immunotherapy. As such, a deeper understanding to the immune mechanisms of conventional and targeted cancer therapies will lead toward novel combinatorial anticancer strategies with improved clinical benefit.
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spelling pubmed-52439262017-01-19 Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy Xu, Meng Michelle Pu, Yang Weichselbaum, Ralph R. Fu, Yang-Xin Oncogene Article In advanced cancer, current conventional therapies or immunotherapies cannot eradicate all tumor cells for most patients. Integration of these two treatments for synergistic effects could eradicate more tumor cells and increase overall survival rates. But proper integration is a challenge, partly due to a poor understanding of the impact of conventional treatment on immune responses. Intensive chemo/radiotherapy may impair ongoing immune responses whilst lower intensity of therapy might not kill enough tumor cells, both leading to tumor relapse. Current understanding of mechanisms of resistance to conventional and targeted cancer therapies has focused on cell intrinsic pathways that trigger DNA damage/repair or signaling pathways related to cell growth. Recent reports show that host T cells properly primed against tumor specific antigens after conventional treatment can integrate with direct cytotoxic effects induced by radiation or chemotherapy to profoundly control tumors. Following cytotoxic anticancer treatment, tumor derived DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) can be sensed by innate cells which drives type I interferon (IFNs production) for cross priming of CD8(+) T cells. Some types and protocols of chemotherapy or radiation can increase tumor infiltrating lymphocytes that overcome resistance to immunotherapy. As such, a deeper understanding to the immune mechanisms of conventional and targeted cancer therapies will lead toward novel combinatorial anticancer strategies with improved clinical benefit. 2016-07-18 2017-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5243926/ /pubmed/27425593 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2016.231 Text en Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Meng Michelle
Pu, Yang
Weichselbaum, Ralph R.
Fu, Yang-Xin
Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title_full Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title_fullStr Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title_short Integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
title_sort integrating conventional and antibody-based targeted anticancer treatment into immunotherapy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5243926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27425593
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2016.231
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