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Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany

BACKGROUND: Nursing homes residents (NHR) are frequently transferred to hospitals. There is some evidence that male NHR are more often hospitalized than females, but the influence of age is less clear and predictors might differ between sexes. Analyses according to age groups between males and femal...

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Autores principales: Hoffmann, Falk, Schmiemann, Guido
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5247821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28103927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2008-7
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author Hoffmann, Falk
Schmiemann, Guido
author_facet Hoffmann, Falk
Schmiemann, Guido
author_sort Hoffmann, Falk
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Nursing homes residents (NHR) are frequently transferred to hospitals. There is some evidence that male NHR are more often hospitalized than females, but the influence of age is less clear and predictors might differ between sexes. Analyses according to age groups between males and females have only been investigated once and none of the existing studies have conducted multivariate analyses stratified by sex. Aim of this study was to fill this gap. METHODS: We used data of the “Inappropriate Medication in patients with REnal insufficiency in Nursing homes” (IMREN) study, which was conducted between October 2014 and April 2015 in nursing homes in northwestern Germany (Bremen and Lower Saxony). Anonymised data was obtained by nursing staff of the participating nursing homes. All residents living in the participating care units were included. We assessed whether they were hospitalized at least once during the preceding 12 months. Cluster-adjusted multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify variables associated with hospitalizations. All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS: Of 852 residents from 21 nursing homes (mean age 83.5 years; 76.5% females), 43.1% (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 35.6–50.5) were hospitalized at least once during the preceding 12 months. This proportion was higher in residents institutionalized within the last 6 months compared to those with a longer length of stay (65.7% vs. 39.5%). Although not statistically significant, males were more often hospitalized than females (52.4% vs. 40.3%) and differences between sexes are particularly remarkable for age, health status and length of stay. In females, the chance of being hospitalized decreased steadily with age (OR: 2.40 [95% CI: 1.24–4.64] and 1.60 [95% CI: 1.05–2.43] for age groups <75 and 75–84 years compared to 85+ years). On the other hand, males aged 75–84 years had a statistically significant lower chance compared to 85+ years olds (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.19–0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Differences in factors associated with hospitalizations might exist between sexes. We strongly suggest that further studies on hospitalizations of NHR should stratify their analyses by sex.
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spelling pubmed-52478212017-01-23 Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany Hoffmann, Falk Schmiemann, Guido BMC Health Serv Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Nursing homes residents (NHR) are frequently transferred to hospitals. There is some evidence that male NHR are more often hospitalized than females, but the influence of age is less clear and predictors might differ between sexes. Analyses according to age groups between males and females have only been investigated once and none of the existing studies have conducted multivariate analyses stratified by sex. Aim of this study was to fill this gap. METHODS: We used data of the “Inappropriate Medication in patients with REnal insufficiency in Nursing homes” (IMREN) study, which was conducted between October 2014 and April 2015 in nursing homes in northwestern Germany (Bremen and Lower Saxony). Anonymised data was obtained by nursing staff of the participating nursing homes. All residents living in the participating care units were included. We assessed whether they were hospitalized at least once during the preceding 12 months. Cluster-adjusted multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify variables associated with hospitalizations. All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS: Of 852 residents from 21 nursing homes (mean age 83.5 years; 76.5% females), 43.1% (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 35.6–50.5) were hospitalized at least once during the preceding 12 months. This proportion was higher in residents institutionalized within the last 6 months compared to those with a longer length of stay (65.7% vs. 39.5%). Although not statistically significant, males were more often hospitalized than females (52.4% vs. 40.3%) and differences between sexes are particularly remarkable for age, health status and length of stay. In females, the chance of being hospitalized decreased steadily with age (OR: 2.40 [95% CI: 1.24–4.64] and 1.60 [95% CI: 1.05–2.43] for age groups <75 and 75–84 years compared to 85+ years). On the other hand, males aged 75–84 years had a statistically significant lower chance compared to 85+ years olds (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.19–0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Differences in factors associated with hospitalizations might exist between sexes. We strongly suggest that further studies on hospitalizations of NHR should stratify their analyses by sex. BioMed Central 2017-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC5247821/ /pubmed/28103927 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2008-7 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hoffmann, Falk
Schmiemann, Guido
Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title_full Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title_fullStr Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title_full_unstemmed Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title_short Influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: A cross-sectional study from Germany
title_sort influence of age and sex on hospitalization of nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study from germany
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5247821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28103927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2008-7
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