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Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study

BACKGROUND: Physical activity has not been objectively measured in prospective cohorts with sufficiently large numbers to reliably detect associations with multiple health outcomes. Technological advances now make this possible. We describe the methods used to collect and analyse accelerometer measu...

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Autores principales: Doherty, Aiden, Jackson, Dan, Hammerla, Nils, Plötz, Thomas, Olivier, Patrick, Granat, Malcolm H., White, Tom, van Hees, Vincent T., Trenell, Michael I., Owen, Christoper G., Preece, Stephen J., Gillions, Rob, Sheard, Simon, Peakman, Tim, Brage, Soren, Wareham, Nicholas J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5287488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146576
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169649
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author Doherty, Aiden
Jackson, Dan
Hammerla, Nils
Plötz, Thomas
Olivier, Patrick
Granat, Malcolm H.
White, Tom
van Hees, Vincent T.
Trenell, Michael I.
Owen, Christoper G.
Preece, Stephen J.
Gillions, Rob
Sheard, Simon
Peakman, Tim
Brage, Soren
Wareham, Nicholas J.
author_facet Doherty, Aiden
Jackson, Dan
Hammerla, Nils
Plötz, Thomas
Olivier, Patrick
Granat, Malcolm H.
White, Tom
van Hees, Vincent T.
Trenell, Michael I.
Owen, Christoper G.
Preece, Stephen J.
Gillions, Rob
Sheard, Simon
Peakman, Tim
Brage, Soren
Wareham, Nicholas J.
author_sort Doherty, Aiden
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Physical activity has not been objectively measured in prospective cohorts with sufficiently large numbers to reliably detect associations with multiple health outcomes. Technological advances now make this possible. We describe the methods used to collect and analyse accelerometer measured physical activity in over 100,000 participants of the UK Biobank study, and report variation by age, sex, day, time of day, and season. METHODS: Participants were approached by email to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer for seven days that was posted to them. Physical activity information was extracted from 100Hz raw triaxial acceleration data after calibration, removal of gravity and sensor noise, and identification of wear / non-wear episodes. We report age- and sex-specific wear-time compliance and accelerometer measured physical activity, overall and by hour-of-day, week-weekend day and season. RESULTS: 103,712 datasets were received (44.8% response), with a median wear-time of 6.9 days (IQR:6.5–7.0). 96,600 participants (93.3%) provided valid data for physical activity analyses. Vector magnitude, a proxy for overall physical activity, was 7.5% (2.35mg) lower per decade of age (Cohen’s d = 0.9). Women had a higher vector magnitude than men, apart from those aged 45-54yrs. There were major differences in vector magnitude by time of day (d = 0.66). Vector magnitude differences between week and weekend days (d = 0.12 for men, d = 0.09 for women) and between seasons (d = 0.27 for men, d = 0.15 for women) were small. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to collect and analyse objective physical activity data in large studies. The summary measure of overall physical activity is lower in older participants and age-related differences in activity are most prominent in the afternoon and evening. This work lays the foundation for studies of physical activity and its health consequences. Our summary variables are part of the UK Biobank dataset and can be used by researchers as exposures, confounding factors or outcome variables in future analyses.
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spelling pubmed-52874882017-02-17 Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study Doherty, Aiden Jackson, Dan Hammerla, Nils Plötz, Thomas Olivier, Patrick Granat, Malcolm H. White, Tom van Hees, Vincent T. Trenell, Michael I. Owen, Christoper G. Preece, Stephen J. Gillions, Rob Sheard, Simon Peakman, Tim Brage, Soren Wareham, Nicholas J. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Physical activity has not been objectively measured in prospective cohorts with sufficiently large numbers to reliably detect associations with multiple health outcomes. Technological advances now make this possible. We describe the methods used to collect and analyse accelerometer measured physical activity in over 100,000 participants of the UK Biobank study, and report variation by age, sex, day, time of day, and season. METHODS: Participants were approached by email to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer for seven days that was posted to them. Physical activity information was extracted from 100Hz raw triaxial acceleration data after calibration, removal of gravity and sensor noise, and identification of wear / non-wear episodes. We report age- and sex-specific wear-time compliance and accelerometer measured physical activity, overall and by hour-of-day, week-weekend day and season. RESULTS: 103,712 datasets were received (44.8% response), with a median wear-time of 6.9 days (IQR:6.5–7.0). 96,600 participants (93.3%) provided valid data for physical activity analyses. Vector magnitude, a proxy for overall physical activity, was 7.5% (2.35mg) lower per decade of age (Cohen’s d = 0.9). Women had a higher vector magnitude than men, apart from those aged 45-54yrs. There were major differences in vector magnitude by time of day (d = 0.66). Vector magnitude differences between week and weekend days (d = 0.12 for men, d = 0.09 for women) and between seasons (d = 0.27 for men, d = 0.15 for women) were small. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to collect and analyse objective physical activity data in large studies. The summary measure of overall physical activity is lower in older participants and age-related differences in activity are most prominent in the afternoon and evening. This work lays the foundation for studies of physical activity and its health consequences. Our summary variables are part of the UK Biobank dataset and can be used by researchers as exposures, confounding factors or outcome variables in future analyses. Public Library of Science 2017-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5287488/ /pubmed/28146576 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169649 Text en © 2017 Doherty et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Doherty, Aiden
Jackson, Dan
Hammerla, Nils
Plötz, Thomas
Olivier, Patrick
Granat, Malcolm H.
White, Tom
van Hees, Vincent T.
Trenell, Michael I.
Owen, Christoper G.
Preece, Stephen J.
Gillions, Rob
Sheard, Simon
Peakman, Tim
Brage, Soren
Wareham, Nicholas J.
Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title_full Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title_fullStr Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title_full_unstemmed Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title_short Large Scale Population Assessment of Physical Activity Using Wrist Worn Accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study
title_sort large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: the uk biobank study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5287488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146576
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169649
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