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Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes

BACKGROUND: Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS) and secrete various factors that regulate neuron development, function and connectivity. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs involved in posttranslational gene regulation. Recent findings showed that...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jovičić, Ana, Gitler, Aaron D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5289606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28152040
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171418
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author Jovičić, Ana
Gitler, Aaron D.
author_facet Jovičić, Ana
Gitler, Aaron D.
author_sort Jovičić, Ana
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS) and secrete various factors that regulate neuron development, function and connectivity. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs involved in posttranslational gene regulation. Recent findings showed that miRNAs are exchanged between cells via nanovesicles called exosomes. In this study, we sought to define which miRNAs are contained within exosomes secreted by astrocytes. We also explored whether astroglial miRNA secretion via exosomes is perturbed in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease where astrocytes play a crucial role in driving disease progression. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: By isolating and profiling the expression of miRNAs from primary mouse astrocytes and from the exosomes that astrocytes secrete, we compared miRNA expression in the cells and secreted vesicles. We established that miRNA expression profiles of astrocytes and their exosomes are vastly different. In addition, we determined that exosomal miRNA expression in astrocytes is not significantly perturbed in a mouse model of ALS. CONCLUSIONS: Astrocytes secrete numerous miRNAs via exosomes and miRNA species contained in exosomes are considerably different from miRNAs detectable in astrocytes, suggesting the existence of a mechanism to select certain miRNAs for inclusion or exclusion from exosomes. The exosomal miRNA profiling dataset we have generated will provide a resource to aid in the investigation of this selection mechanism. Finally, the miRNA expression profile in astrocyte-secreted exosomes is not perturbed by expression of mutant SOD1-G93A.
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spelling pubmed-52896062017-02-17 Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes Jovičić, Ana Gitler, Aaron D. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS) and secrete various factors that regulate neuron development, function and connectivity. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs involved in posttranslational gene regulation. Recent findings showed that miRNAs are exchanged between cells via nanovesicles called exosomes. In this study, we sought to define which miRNAs are contained within exosomes secreted by astrocytes. We also explored whether astroglial miRNA secretion via exosomes is perturbed in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease where astrocytes play a crucial role in driving disease progression. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: By isolating and profiling the expression of miRNAs from primary mouse astrocytes and from the exosomes that astrocytes secrete, we compared miRNA expression in the cells and secreted vesicles. We established that miRNA expression profiles of astrocytes and their exosomes are vastly different. In addition, we determined that exosomal miRNA expression in astrocytes is not significantly perturbed in a mouse model of ALS. CONCLUSIONS: Astrocytes secrete numerous miRNAs via exosomes and miRNA species contained in exosomes are considerably different from miRNAs detectable in astrocytes, suggesting the existence of a mechanism to select certain miRNAs for inclusion or exclusion from exosomes. The exosomal miRNA profiling dataset we have generated will provide a resource to aid in the investigation of this selection mechanism. Finally, the miRNA expression profile in astrocyte-secreted exosomes is not perturbed by expression of mutant SOD1-G93A. Public Library of Science 2017-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5289606/ /pubmed/28152040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171418 Text en © 2017 Jovičić, Gitler http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jovičić, Ana
Gitler, Aaron D.
Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title_full Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title_fullStr Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title_full_unstemmed Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title_short Distinct repertoires of microRNAs present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
title_sort distinct repertoires of micrornas present in mouse astrocytes compared to astrocyte-secreted exosomes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5289606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28152040
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171418
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