Revisiting the Relationship Between Ethnicity and Outcome in Glioblastoma Patients

Background: Relationships between various ethnicities and glioma subtype have recently been established. As a tertiary referral center for Latin America and the Caribbean, our institution treats a diverse glioblastoma (GBM) population. We sought to clarify the role of ethnicity on patient prognosis in GBM and also compared these findings to a group consisting of elderly patients. We included ‘elderly’ as a group because the subgroups for ethnicities within them were too small. It allowed us to put in scope the effects of ethnicities on the overall survival. Material and Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, 235 patients with GBM were retrospectively identified. A total of 140 patients were separated into four groups: White adults (n = 47), Hispanic adults (n = 27), elderly (n = 58), and Black adults (n = 6). Overall survival (OS) was our primary endpoint. Results: Overall survival in the White adult group was 24.3 months, compared to 13.0 months in the Hispanic adult group, 20.2 months in the Black group, and 13.8 months in the elderly group (p = 0.01). In the Hispanic group, hypertension (37.9%, p = 0.01) and diabetes (24.1%, p = 0.009) were significantly more prevalent compared to the White adult cohort. No difference in insurance status or postoperative complications was found between subgroups. Conclusion: Based on our analysis, Hispanic adults may have a decreased survival compared to White adults. However, the incidence of hypertension and diabetes was markedly higher in our Hispanic adult cohort; thus, estimating the risk of ethnicity and comorbidities on patient prognosis may be difficult. A prospective study correlating the genome and subgroup prognosis may help elucidate the role of ethnicity in GBM patients.